Sun Lingyu, Yu Yunru, Chen Zhuoyue, Bian Feika, Ye Fangfu, Sun Lingyun, Zhao Yuanjin
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008 Nanjing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 210096 Nanjing, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2020 Jun 22;49(12):4043-4069. doi: 10.1039/d0cs00120a.
As simulators of organisms in Nature, soft robots have been developed over the past few decades. In particular, biohybrid robots constructed by integrating living cells with soft materials demonstrate the unique advantage of simulating the construction and functions of human tissues or organs, thus attracting extensive attention and research interest. Here, we present up-to-date studies concerning biohybrid robots with various biological actuators such as contractile cells and microorganisms. After presenting the basic components including biological components and synthetic materials, the controlling methods and locomotion modalities of biohybrid robots are clarified and summarized. We then focus on the applications, especially the biomedical applications, of the biohybrid robots including drug delivery, bioimaging, and tissue engineering. The challenges and prospects for the future development of biohybrid robots are also presented.
作为自然界中生物体的模拟器，软机器人在过去几十年中得到了发展。特别是，通过将活细胞与软材料整合而构建的生物杂交机器人展示了模拟人体组织或器官的构建和功能的独特优势，从而吸引了广泛的关注和研究兴趣。在这里，我们展示了关于具有各种生物致动器（如收缩细胞和微生物）的生物杂交机器人的最新研究。在介绍了包括生物成分和合成材料在内的基本组件之后，对生物杂交机器人的控制方法和运动方式进行了阐明和总结。然后，我们重点关注生物杂交机器人的应用，特别是生物医学应用，包括药物递送、生物成像和组织工程。还介绍了生物杂交机器人未来发展面临的挑战和前景。
