GI Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada.
University of Alberta, Edmonton, AL, Canada.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020 Jun;32(6):e13884. doi: 10.1111/nmo.13884.
The pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome and the detection of biomarkers of specific mechanisms and/or predictors of therapeutic response remain elusive. This roadblock reflects, in large part, the complexity and heterogeneity of the disorder. Recently, there has been growing evidence of a dietary and/or microbiome interaction with the host that may trigger symptoms in a subset of patients. While a number of techniques are available to examine these potential interactions, "omic" approaches such as metabolomics are becoming more widely used. Metabolomics measures hundreds and potentially thousands of known and unknown small molecule chemicals (metabolites) to provide a unique look into mechanisms that underlie symptom generation and potential predictors of therapeutic response. In this issue of the journal, Lee et al use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to demonstrate the value of this approach to study IBS. This review examines the use of metabolomics to better understand IBS, focusing on what has been learned to date, practical and technical considerations, its potential for future research and how the study by Lee et al have contributed to these concepts.
肠易激综合征的病理生理学以及特定机制的生物标志物的检测和/或治疗反应的预测仍然难以捉摸。这一障碍在很大程度上反映了该疾病的复杂性和异质性。最近，越来越多的证据表明饮食和/或微生物群与宿主相互作用可能会引发一部分患者的症状。虽然有许多技术可用于检查这些潜在的相互作用，但“组学”方法（如代谢组学）的应用越来越广泛。代谢组学可测量数百种甚至数千种已知和未知的小分子化学物质（代谢物），从而提供了一种独特的方法来了解潜在症状产生机制和治疗反应的预测因素。在本期杂志中，Lee 等人利用核磁共振（NMR）证明了这种方法在研究 IBS 中的价值。本综述探讨了代谢组学在更好地理解 IBS 中的应用，重点介绍了迄今为止的研究成果、实际和技术考虑因素、它在未来研究中的潜力以及 Lee 等人的研究对这些概念的贡献。
