Shieh Carol, Khan Israt, Umoren Rachel
Indiana University School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, 1050 Wishard Blvd, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2020 May 8;19:101113. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101113. eCollection 2020 Sep.
Social media utilization is prevalent among reproductive-age women. The literature on how researchers engage women in studies using social media platforms is scarce. This systematic review analyzed participant engagement design in studies using social media and focused on pregnancy and infant health.
A literature search of EBSCO and PubMed databases was conducted. Included studies had to be completed with quantitative data, focus on pregnancy, postpartum or infant health, and use social media in the research process. A matrix of three engagement designs (passive, interactive, independent) and three research processes (recruitment, data analysis, intervention) was used for analysis.
Thirty-one articles that reported 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, four were randomized controlled trials (RCT), four were non-RCT interventions, and 22 were observational/descriptive studies. The main purpose of using social media was for recruitment (n = 16), data analysis (n = 6), intervention (n = 8), or both recruitment and intervention (n = 1). Passive engagement was a fundamental design approach in all studies to access a data source that was either the participant or the data provided by the participants in social media. Interactive engagement, mostly for recruitment and intervention, was to engage participants in completing study enrollment or in interacting with the study team or fellow participants. Independent engagement involved off-line activities and appeared sporadically in intervention studies.
Passive and interactive engagement designs are more frequently used than independent engagement design. Researchers should select suitable designs when studying pregnancy and infant health using social media.
社交媒体的使用在育龄妇女中很普遍。关于研究人员如何利用社交媒体平台让女性参与研究的文献很少。本系统综述分析了使用社交媒体的研究中的参与者参与设计，并聚焦于妊娠和婴儿健康。
对EBSCO和PubMed数据库进行文献检索。纳入的研究必须使用定量数据完成，聚焦于妊娠、产后或婴儿健康，并在研究过程中使用社交媒体。使用一个由三种参与设计（被动、互动、独立）和三个研究过程（招募、数据分析、干预）组成的矩阵进行分析。
31篇报告了30项研究的文章符合纳入标准。其中，4项为随机对照试验（RCT），4项为非RCT干预，22项为观察性/描述性研究。使用社交媒体的主要目的是招募（n = 16）、数据分析（n = 6）、干预（n = 8）或招募和干预两者（n = 1）。被动参与是所有研究中获取数据源的基本设计方法，该数据源要么是参与者，要么是参与者在社交媒体上提供的数据。互动参与主要用于招募和干预，目的是让参与者完成研究登记或与研究团队或其他参与者互动。独立参与涉及线下活动，偶尔出现在干预研究中。
被动和互动参与设计比独立参与设计使用得更频繁。研究人员在使用社交媒体研究妊娠和婴儿健康时应选择合适的设计。
