Abd Haitham Hassen, Ahmed Harith Abdulrhman, Mutar Thulfiqar Fawwaz
Animal Physiology, Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences, Al- Anbar University, Iraq.
Environmental Studies, Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences, Al- Anbar University, Iraq.
Toxicol Res (Camb). 2020 Apr 24;9(2):101-106. doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa009. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Tramadol is a synthetic opioid analgesic used for moderate-to-severe pain structurally related to codeine and morphine, where their analgesic mechanism is a result of opioid and non-opioid mechanisms. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of leaves extract (MLE) on tramadol-induced testicular toxicity, sperm changes, testicular damage, and oxidative stress in male rats. Forty male albino rats were divided into four groups and treated for 4 weeks (group 1, as control; group 2, MLE; group 3, tramadol; group 4, MLE + tramadol). The relative body weight, relative testes weight, serum total testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, sperm counts, vitality, total sperm motility, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly decreased in tramadol-treated group when compared with the control group. In contrast, sperm abnormality, immotile sperm percent, testicular injury, and TBARS concentration in testes were significantly increased in the tramadol-treated group. In addition, histopathological examination for the tramadol-treated group has shown incomplete spermatogenesis, moderate degeneration in some seminiferous tubules with a significant decrease in the number of spermatogenic cells and depletion of Leydig cells. The administration of MLE with tramadol ameliorates the testicular toxicity, injury, sperm count, abnormalities, and oxidative stress induced by tramadol.
曲马多是一种合成阿片类镇痛药，用于治疗中重度疼痛，其结构与可待因和吗啡相关，它们的镇痛机制是阿片类和非阿片类机制共同作用的结果。本研究旨在评估叶提取物（MLE）对曲马多诱导的雄性大鼠睾丸毒性、精子变化、睾丸损伤和氧化应激的影响。将40只雄性白化大鼠分为四组，治疗4周（第1组为对照组；第2组为MLE组；第3组为曲马多组；第4组为MLE + 曲马多组）。与对照组相比，曲马多治疗组的相对体重、相对睾丸重量、血清总睾酮、黄体生成素、促卵泡激素、精子计数、活力、总精子活力、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性显著降低。相反，曲马多治疗组的精子异常、不活动精子百分比、睾丸损伤和睾丸中丙二醛浓度显著增加。此外，曲马多治疗组的组织病理学检查显示生精过程不完全，一些生精小管中度退化，生精细胞数量显著减少，睾丸间质细胞减少。曲马多与MLE联合给药可改善曲马多诱导的睾丸毒性、损伤、精子计数、异常和氧化应激。
