Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia; M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;97(3):115038. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115038. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
Salivary antibodies are useful in surveillance and vaccination studies. However, low antibody levels and degradation by endonucleases are problematic. Oral flocked swabs are a potential non-invasive alternative for detecting viral antibodies. Seroprevalence for Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Measles and Mumps IgG antibodies were determined from 50 matched serum, saliva and swabs samples from healthy volunteers using commercial ELISAs. CMV IgG, VZV IgG, and EBV EBNA-1 IgG, VCA IgG, and Measles IgG swab versus serum sensitivities were 95.8%, 96.0%, 92.1%, 95.5%, 84.5%, respectively, and swabs correlated well with saliva. Sensitivity of Mumps IgG in swabs and saliva was poor at 60.5%, and 68.2%, respectively. Specificities for IgG antibodies were 100% for CMV, EBV and Mumps, but could not be determined for VZV and Measles due to exclusively seropositive volunteers. Except for Mumps IgG, swabs correlate well with serum, are easy to self-collect and are stable at room temperature.
唾液抗体在监测和疫苗接种研究中很有用。然而，抗体水平低和内切酶降解是个问题。口腔植绒拭子是一种潜在的非侵入性替代方法，可用于检测病毒抗体。采用商业 ELISA 法，从 50 名健康志愿者的 50 份配对血清、唾液和拭子样本中，确定巨细胞病毒（CMV）、水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）、EB 病毒（EBV）、麻疹和腮腺炎 IgG 抗体的血清阳性率。CMV IgG、VZV IgG 和 EBV EBNA-1 IgG、VCA IgG 和麻疹 IgG 拭子与血清的灵敏度分别为 95.8%、96.0%、92.1%、95.5%和 84.5%，且拭子与唾液相关性良好。腮腺炎 IgG 抗体在拭子和唾液中的灵敏度分别为 60.5%和 68.2%，较差。CMV、EBV 和腮腺炎 IgG 抗体的特异性为 100%，但由于志愿者均为血清阳性，无法确定 VZV 和麻疹 IgG 抗体的特异性。除了腮腺炎 IgG 抗体外，拭子与血清相关性良好，易于自行采集，在室温下稳定。
