糖基化与衰老。
Glycosylation and Aging.
机构信息
Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.
出版信息
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1325:341-373. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_17.
Human lifespan has increased significantly in the last 200 years, emphasizing our need to age healthily. Insights into molecular mechanisms of aging might allow us to slow down its rate or even revert it. Similar to aging, glycosylation is regulated by an intricate interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The dynamics of glycopattern variation during aging has been mostly explored for plasma/serum and immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycome, as we describe thoroughly in this chapter. In addition, we discuss the potential functional role of agalactosylated IgG glycans in aging, through modulation of inflammation level, as proposed by the concept of inflammaging. We also comment on the potential to use the plasma/serum and IgG N-glycome as a biomarker of healthy aging and on the interventions that modulate the IgG glycopattern. Finally, we discuss the current knowledge about animal models for human plasma/serum and IgG glycosylation and mention other, less explored, instances of glycopattern changes during organismal aging and cellular senescence.
在过去的 200 年里,人类的寿命显著延长,这强调了我们健康衰老的需求。对衰老分子机制的深入了解可能使我们能够减缓其速度,甚至使其逆转。与衰老相似,糖基化受遗传和环境因素的复杂相互作用调节。正如我们在本章中详细描述的那样,在衰老过程中糖基化模式变化的动力学主要在血浆/血清和免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) N-聚糖中进行了探索。此外,我们还通过炎症老化概念提出的通过调节炎症水平来讨论去半乳糖化 IgG 聚糖在衰老中的潜在功能作用。我们还评论了使用血浆/血清和 IgG N-聚糖作为健康衰老生物标志物的潜力,以及调节 IgG 糖基化模式的干预措施。最后,我们讨论了关于人类血浆/血清和 IgG 糖基化的动物模型的现有知识,并提到了在生物体衰老和细胞衰老过程中其他不太被探索的糖基化模式变化实例。