Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2020 Apr;20:100393. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100393. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
In contrast to many other European countries, no data were available on the presence of anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep in Belgium. A faecal egg count reduction test was performed in 26 sheep flocks in Flanders, Northern Belgium. Results indicated widespread resistance against benzimidazoles (albendazole, fenbendazole and mebendazole), with treatment failure on all 8 farms investigated. Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta were the predominant species after treatment failure. Amino acid substitutions associated with benzimidazole resistance were detected at the codon positions 167 (8%) and 200 (92%) of the isotype-1 beta tubulin gene in H. contortus, codon positions 198 (47%) and 200 (43%) in T. circumcincta and position 200 (100%) in T. colubriformis. Resistance against macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin, doramectin and moxidectin) was recorded on 7 out of 20 flocks, mainly in H. contortus and T. circumcincta. Treatment failure was also observed for closantel (in combination with mebendazole) and for monepantel, on one farm each. Trichostrongylus spp. were implicated with resistance against monepantel. A questionnaire survey on farm management and worm control measures indicated that worm control was often not sustainable. Ewes and lambs were treated frequently (on average 2.6 and 3.2 times per year), mostly without weighing. Only few sheep farmers (9%) regularly used faecal egg counts to monitor worm infections. Despite the FECRT showing otherwise, most of the farmers perceived the efficacy of anthelmintics as very good (30%) or good (54%).
与许多其他欧洲国家不同，比利时没有关于绵羊胃肠道线虫中驱虫药耐药性的数据。在佛兰德斯（比利时北部）的 26 个绵羊群中进行了粪便卵计数减少试验。结果表明，对苯并咪唑类药物（阿苯达唑、芬苯达唑和甲苯达唑）普遍存在耐药性，在所调查的 8 个农场中治疗均失败。在治疗失败后，主要的物种是捻转血矛线虫和粗纹食道口线虫。在捻转血矛线虫的 167 位（8%）和 200 位（92%）、粗纹食道口线虫的 198 位（47%）和 200 位（43%）以及网尾线虫的 200 位（100%）氨基酸替换与苯并咪唑类药物耐药性相关。在 20 个羊群中的 7 个中记录到大环内酯类药物（伊维菌素、多拉菌素和莫昔克丁）耐药性，主要是在捻转血矛线虫和粗纹食道口线虫中。在一个农场中也观察到氯硝柳胺（与甲苯达唑联合使用）和莫尼普坦的治疗失败。耐药性与莫尼普坦有关。一项关于农场管理和蠕虫控制措施的问卷调查表明，蠕虫控制往往不可持续。绵羊和羔羊经常被处理（平均每年 2.6 和 3.2 次），大多没有称重。只有少数绵羊养殖户（9%）定期使用粪便卵计数来监测蠕虫感染。尽管 FECRT 显示并非如此，但大多数农民认为驱虫药的疗效非常好（30%）或良好（54%）。
