Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Feb;199(2):800-811. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02188-7. Epub 2020 May 25.
Candida species are the most common causative agents responsible for the majority of morbidity as well as mortality rates due to invasive fungal infections worldwide. In this study, a green approach was developed to control the pathogenic Candida spp. isolated from clinical samples, and prior data collections, ethics approval was obtained. Sixty candida isolates were obtained from the different device-associated infections and identified as Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida glabrata with prevalence rates 41.6, 38.3, 8.3, 6.6, and 5%, respectively. On the other hand, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were extra-cellular synthesized by biomass filtrate of previously identified Penicillium chrysogenum strain F9. The physico-chemical characterizations of biosynthesized Ag-NPs were assessed by using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DIS), and zeta potential (ζ) analysis. Data revealed successful synthesis of crystallographic spherical Ag-NPs with average size 18 to 60 nm at maximum absorption peak 415 nm. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups related to reduction, capping, and stabilizing Ag-NPs. The DLS analysis showed that NPs were homogenous and stable with poly-dispersity index (PDI) and ζ value 0.008 and - 21 mV, respectively. Susceptibility pattern analysis revealed that sixty Candida isolates (100%) were susceptible to Ag-NPs as compared to 25 isolates (41.6%), and 30 isolates (50%) were susceptible to fluconazole and amphotericin B, respectively. Interestingly, 30 Candida isolates (50%) were resistant to amphotericin B, which are more than those recorded for fluconazole (17 isolates with percent 28.3%), while 18 candida isolates (30%) were susceptible dose-dependent to fluconazole. The recorded minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 62.5/125, 16/64, and 1/4 for Ag-NPs, fluconazole, and amphotericin B, respectively. However, green synthesized Ag-NPs can be used to overcome the resistance pattern of Candida spp., and recommended as an anti-candida agent.
念珠菌属是全球引起侵袭性真菌感染的主要致病病原体，导致了大多数发病率和死亡率。在这项研究中，开发了一种绿色方法来控制从临床样本和以前的数据收集获得的致病性念珠菌属，并且获得了伦理批准。从不同的器械相关感染中获得了 60 株念珠菌属分离株，并鉴定为白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌、克柔念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌和光滑念珠菌，流行率分别为 41.6%、38.3%、8.3%、6.6%和 5%。另一方面，银纳米粒子（Ag-NPs）通过先前鉴定的产黄青霉 F9 的生物质滤液在细胞外合成。通过使用紫外可见分光光度计、傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）光谱、X 射线衍射（XRD）图谱、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、动态光散射（DIS）和zeta 电位（ζ）分析来评估生物合成的 Ag-NPs 的物理化学特性。数据显示，成功地合成了平均尺寸为 18 至 60nm 的结晶球形 Ag-NPs，最大吸收峰为 415nm。FT-IR 分析证实了与还原、封端和稳定 Ag-NPs 相关的功能基团的存在。DLS 分析表明，纳米粒子具有均匀且稳定的特性，多分散指数（PDI）和 ζ 值分别为 0.008 和-21mV。药敏模式分析显示，与氟康唑和两性霉素 B 相比，60 株念珠菌属分离株（100%）均对 Ag-NPs 敏感，而 25 株（41.6%）和 30 株（50%）分别对氟康唑和两性霉素 B 敏感。有趣的是，30 株念珠菌属分离株（50%）对两性霉素 B 耐药，这比氟康唑记录的耐药株（17 株，占 28.3%）多，而 18 株念珠菌属分离株（30%）对氟康唑呈剂量依赖性敏感。记录的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）分别为 62.5/125、16/64 和 1/4 用于 Ag-NPs、氟康唑和两性霉素 B。然而，绿色合成的 Ag-NPs 可用于克服念珠菌属的耐药模式，并推荐作为抗念珠菌剂。
