Dai Ting, He Wenming, Yao Chenyang, Ma Xuehua, Ren Wenzhi, Mai Yifeng, Wu Aiguo
Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical school of Ningbo University, 247 Renmin Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315020, P.R. China.
Biomater Sci. 2020 Jul 21;8(14):3784-3799. doi: 10.1039/d0bm00196a. Epub 2020 May 29.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic progressive disease, which may result in serious clinical outcomes, such as acute heart events or stroke with high mortality. At present, the clinical problems of atherosclerosis mainly consist of the difficulty in confirming the plaques or identifying the stability of the plaques in the early phase and the shortage of valid treatments. Fortunately, with the development of nanotechnology, various inorganic nanoparticles with imaging enhancement and noninvasive therapy functions have been studied in the imaging and treatment of atherosclerosis, which has brought new hope to patients. This review focuses on the recent progress in the use of inorganic nanoparticles in the diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis, including the key processes in the development of atherosclerosis and the mainly involved cells, inorganic nanoparticle-based dual-mode imaging methods classified by the types of targeting cells, and inorganic nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches, such as photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), drug delivery, gene therapy and imaging-guided therapy for atherosclerosis. Finally, this review discusses the challenges and directions of inorganic nanoparticles in potential clinical translation of anti-atherosclerosis in future. We believe this review will enable readers to systematically understand the progress of the inorganic nanoparticle-based imaging and therapy of atherosclerosis and therefore promote the further development of anti-atherosclerosis.
动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性进展性疾病，可能导致严重的临床后果，如急性心脏事件或死亡率很高的中风。目前，动脉粥样硬化的临床问题主要包括早期难以确认斑块或识别斑块的稳定性，以及缺乏有效的治疗方法。幸运的是，随着纳米技术的发展，各种具有成像增强和无创治疗功能的无机纳米颗粒已被用于动脉粥样硬化的成像和治疗研究，这给患者带来了新的希望。本文综述聚焦于无机纳米颗粒在动脉粥样硬化诊断和治疗中的最新进展，包括动脉粥样硬化发展的关键过程和主要涉及的细胞、按靶向细胞类型分类的基于无机纳米颗粒的双模态成像方法，以及基于无机纳米颗粒的治疗方法，如光热疗法（PTT）、光动力疗法（PDT）、声动力疗法（SDT）、药物递送、基因治疗和动脉粥样硬化的成像引导治疗。最后，本文综述讨论了无机纳米颗粒在未来抗动脉粥样硬化潜在临床转化中的挑战和方向。我们相信本文综述将使读者系统地了解基于无机纳米颗粒的动脉粥样硬化成像和治疗进展，从而推动抗动脉粥样硬化研究的进一步发展。
