Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Dipartimento innovazioni tecnologiche e sicurezza degli impianti, prodotti e insediamenti antropici, Istituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione contri gli Infortuni sul Lavoro (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 27;17(11):3813. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113813.
The occurrence of halogenated organic pollutants in indoor dust can be high due to the presence of textile, electronic devices, furniture, and building materials treated with these chemicals. In this explorative study, we focused on emerging organic pollutants, such as novel brominated flame retardants (nBFRs) and some perfluoroalkyl substances, together with legacy polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs) in settled dust collected in houses and workplaces such as one office and two electrotechnical and mechanical workshops. The total contribution of the investigated pollutants was lower in house and in office dusts except for few nBFRs (such as bis (2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-phthalate at a concentration of 464.5 ng/g in a house and hexachlorocyclopentadienyldibromocyclooctane at 40.4 ng/g in the office), whereas in electrotechnical and mechanical workshops a high incidence of PCBs, BDEs, and nBFRs occurred (for example, BDE 209 at a concentration of 2368.0 ng/g and tetrabromobisphenol A at 32,320.1 ng/g in electrotechnical and mechanical workshops). Estimated daily intakes were also calculated, showing that domestic and occupational environments can lead to a similar contribution in terms of human exposure. The higher exposure contribution was associated to nBFRs, whose EDIs were in the range of 3968.2-555,694.2 pg/kg bw/day. To provide a complete view about the indoor contamination, in this investigation, we also included polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated and nitrated derivatives. Definitely, dust collection represents a simple, fast, and cost-effective sampling and dust contamination level can be a useful indicator of environment healthiness. Besides, the presented method can be a smart tool to provide a time and money saving technique to characterize 99 pollutants thanks to a single sample treatment.
室内灰尘中卤代有机污染物的含量可能很高，因为纺织品、电子设备、家具和用这些化学品处理的建筑材料中都存在这些化学物质。在这项探索性研究中，我们专注于新兴有机污染物，如新型溴化阻燃剂（nBFRs）和一些全氟烷基物质，以及多氯联苯（PCBs）和多溴联苯醚（BDEs），这些污染物存在于房屋和工作场所（如一个办公室和两个电工和机械厂）收集的积尘中。除了少数 nBFRs（如在房屋中浓度为 464.5ng/g 的双（2-乙基己基）-3,4,5,6-四溴邻苯二甲酸酯和在办公室中浓度为 40.4ng/g 的六氯环戊二烯二溴环辛烷）外，房屋和办公室灰尘中的调查污染物总含量较低，而电工和机械厂则存在较高的 PCB、BDE 和 nBFR 含量（例如，电工和机械厂中 BDE-209 的浓度为 2368.0ng/g，四溴双酚 A 的浓度为 32320.1ng/g）。还计算了估计的每日摄入量，表明家庭和职业环境可能导致人体暴露的相似贡献。较高的暴露贡献与 nBFRs 有关，其 EDI 范围为 3968.2-555694.2pg/kg bw/day。为了全面了解室内污染情况，在本次调查中，我们还包括多环芳烃（PAHs）及其含氧和含氮衍生物。显然，灰尘收集是一种简单、快速且具有成本效益的采样方法，灰尘污染水平可以作为环境健康状况的有用指标。此外，所提出的方法可以作为一种智能工具，通过单次样品处理来提供一种节省时间和金钱的技术，用于表征 99 种污染物。
