Nassar Aussama K, Reid Susan, Kahnamoui Kamyar, Tuma Faiz, Waheed Abdul, McConnell Meghan
Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4L8, Canada.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2020 May 27;10(6):94. doi: 10.3390/bs10060094.
Burnout syndrome (BOS) in academic physicians is a psychological state resulting from prolonged exposure to job stressors. It leads to a decline in overall job performance, which could result in misjudgment and serious clinical errors. The current study identifies the prevalence, as well as the potential demographic and workload variables that contribute significantly to BOS in academic clinicians. We distributed a modified version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scale to the academic clinicians in our institution; 326/900 responded, with 56.21% male and 43.46% female. The MBI scale comprised of three dimensions of burnout: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA). Higher scores in EE and DP and lower scores in PA were associated with a higher risk for burnout. In considering the work-life of academic clinicians, this study used a modified version of the MBI to reflect three hypothesized sources of burnout: interactions with students/trainees, interactions with patients, and interactions with administration, as reflected in these three dimensions. Along both the EE and DP dimensions of the MBI, burnout was highest for interactions with administration (51% and 44.8%), moderate for interactions with patients (26.4% and 34.5%), and lowest for interactions with students (11.7% and 9.8%). The highest scores along the personal accomplishment component was found for interactions with students and patients (33.7% and 33.4%). Regression analyses identified several factors associated with higher scores on the EE and DP scales: younger age, surgical specialty, low academic rank, academic main practice, female gender, numerous night shifts, and living alone. Furthermore, higher patient volume contributed significantly to the increasing PA. This study suggests that administrative interaction contributes significantly to burnout amongst physicians, followed by patient care and trainees. Furthermore, surgeons, females, single, early career, and younger faculty staff members are at higher risk of suffering from burnout. Further studies are needed to characterize the nature of administrative interactions that contribute to burnout and to solidify other contributing variables.
学术医生的职业倦怠综合征（BOS）是一种因长期暴露于工作压力源而产生的心理状态。它会导致整体工作表现下降，进而可能导致判断失误和严重的临床错误。当前的研究确定了学术临床医生中职业倦怠综合征的患病率，以及对其有显著影响的潜在人口统计学和工作量变量。我们向本机构的学术临床医生发放了一份经过修改的马氏职业倦怠量表（MBI）；900人中有326人回复，其中男性占56.21%，女性占43.46%。MBI量表包括职业倦怠的三个维度：情感耗竭（EE）、去个性化（DP）和个人成就感（PA）。EE和DP得分较高以及PA得分较低与职业倦怠风险较高相关。在考虑学术临床医生的工作生活时，本研究使用了经过修改的MBI来反映职业倦怠的三个假设来源：与学生/实习生的互动、与患者的互动以及与行政部门的互动，这三个维度体现了这些来源。在MBI的EE和DP维度上，与行政部门的互动导致的职业倦怠程度最高（分别为51%和44.8%），与患者的互动导致的职业倦怠程度中等（分别为26.4%和34.5%），与学生的互动导致的职业倦怠程度最低（分别为11.7%和9.8%）。在个人成就感方面，与学生和患者的互动得分最高（分别为33.7%和33.4%）。回归分析确定了与EE和DP量表得分较高相关的几个因素：年龄较小、外科专业、学术职级较低、主要从事学术工作、女性、值夜班次数多以及独居。此外，患者数量较多对PA的增加有显著贡献。本研究表明，行政互动对医生的职业倦怠有显著影响，其次是患者护理和实习生。此外，外科医生、女性、单身、处于职业生涯早期以及较年轻的教职员工患职业倦怠症的风险更高。需要进一步研究来确定导致职业倦怠的行政互动的性质，并确定其他相关变量。
