高效白腐真菌菌株和发酵时间优化玉米秸秆作为反刍动物饲料。
High-potency white-rot fungal strains and duration of fermentation to optimize corn straw as ruminant feed.
机构信息
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agoecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, China; College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China.
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agoecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, China.
出版信息
Bioresour Technol. 2020 Sep;312:123512. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123512. Epub 2020 May 8.
Five white-rot fungi Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, Hericium erinaceus, Pleurotus eryngii and Flammulina filiformis were studied (solid-state incubation and in vitro gas production) to determine lignin degradation and optimal duration of fermentation of corn straw. All fungi significantly decreased lignin, with optimal reductions after 28 d. Although cellulose also decreased, L. edodes and P. eryngii minimized these losses. In intro dry matter digestibility, total volatile fatty acid concentration and total gas production of fermented corn straw decreased (P < 0.001) as fermentation was prolonged, with improved rumen fermentability for all fungal treatments except F. filiformis. Total gas production in L. edodes did not decrease but peaked on day 28, whereas F. filiformis reduced methane emission. In conclusion, fermentation of corn straw with P. eryngii or L. edodes for 28 d degraded lignin and improved nutritional value as ruminant feed.
五种白腐真菌（糙皮侧耳、香菇、猪苓、杏鲍菇和金针菇）被研究（固态发酵和体外产气）以确定玉米秸秆的木质素降解和最佳发酵时间。所有真菌都显著降低了木质素含量，最佳的降低效果在 28 天后出现。尽管纤维素也减少了，但香菇和杏鲍菇最小化了这些损失。在体内干物质消化率、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度和总气体产量方面，随着发酵时间的延长，发酵玉米秸秆的含量降低（P<0.001），除金针菇外，所有真菌处理都提高了瘤胃发酵性能。香菇的总气体产量没有减少，反而在第 28 天达到峰值，而金针菇则减少了甲烷的排放。总之，用杏鲍菇或香菇发酵玉米秸秆 28 天可以降解木质素，提高反刍动物饲料的营养价值。
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