Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; HydroSciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), CNRS, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, FAC PHARM, Marseille, France.
Acta Trop. 2020 Oct;210:105556. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105556. Epub 2020 May 30.
The activity of β-caryophyllene oxide as either a contact or noncontact repellent was evaluated against two laboratory strains (Aedes albopictus and Anopheles dirus) using an excito-repellency test system. N, N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) was used as a standard reference baseline for comparative purposes. β-Caryophyllene oxide and DEET were tested at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0% (v/v). In addition, the phototoxic and genotoxic effects of β-caryophyllene oxide were investigated on Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts (3T3-L1) and Chinese hamster ovary cell line (CHO-K1). The results demonstrated that the higher concentrations of test compounds (0.5 and 1.0%) produced greater behavioral responses. Aedes albopictus was more sensitive to β-caryophyllene oxide than An. dirus. Moderate avoidance response rates (25-56% escape) of Ae. albopictus at 0.5% and 1.0% β-caryophyllene oxide were observed in contact and noncontact trials compared with low response rates from An. dirus (26-31% escape). DEET at ≤1% displayed lower irritancy and repellency (1-38%) than β-caryophyllene oxide when tested against the two mosquito species. Knockdown responses (37%) were only observed in An. dirus exposed to 1% β-caryophyllene oxide in the contact trial. β-Caryophyllene oxide did not show any phototoxic potential (PIF= 0.38) nor was there any significant genotoxic response as indicated by no increase in micro-nucleated cells with or without metabolic activation. β-Caryophyllene oxide could be considered as a safe repellent, effective against mosquitoes.
β-石竹烯氧化物作为接触或非接触驱避剂的活性，通过激扰驱避试验系统，对两种实验室品系（白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊）进行了评估。N，N-二乙基-3-甲基苯甲酰胺（DEET）被用作比较的标准参考基线。β-石竹烯氧化物和 DEET 以 0.1、0.25、0.5 和 1.0%（v/v）的浓度进行测试。此外，还研究了β-石竹烯氧化物对 Balb/c 3T3 小鼠成纤维细胞（3T3-L1）和中国仓鼠卵巢细胞系（CHO-K1）的光毒性和遗传毒性。结果表明，较高浓度的测试化合物（0.5%和 1.0%）产生了更大的行为反应。白纹伊蚊比致倦库蚊对β-石竹烯氧化物更敏感。在接触和非接触试验中，0.5%和 1.0%β-石竹烯氧化物处理的白纹伊蚊的中度回避反应率（25-56%逃避）与致倦库蚊的低反应率（26-31%逃避）相比有所增加。与β-石竹烯氧化物相比，DEET 在≤1%时对两种蚊虫的刺激性和驱避性（1-38%）较低。在接触试验中，仅在 1%β-石竹烯氧化物处理的致倦库蚊中观察到击倒反应（37%）。β-石竹烯氧化物没有显示出任何光毒性潜力（PIF=0.38），也没有任何明显的遗传毒性反应，即没有增加微核细胞，无论是否有代谢激活。β-石竹烯氧化物可被视为一种安全的驱避剂，对蚊子有效。
