Scott Chialvo Clare H, Griffin Logan H, Reed Laura K, Ciesla Lukasz
Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL USA.
Department of Biology Appalachian State University Boone NC USA.
Ecol Evol. 2020 Mar 24;10(10):4233-4240. doi: 10.1002/ece3.6191. eCollection 2020 May.
Understanding plant-insect interactions is an active area of research in both ecology and evolution. Much attention has been focused on the impact of secondary metabolites in the host plant or fungi on these interactions. Plants and fungi contain a variety of biologically active compounds, and the secondary metabolite profile can vary significantly between individual samples. However, many experiments characterize the biological effects of only a single secondary metabolite or a subset of these compounds.Here, we develop an exhaustive extraction protocol using an accelerated solvent extraction protocol to recover the complete suite of cyclopeptides and other secondary metabolites found in (death cap mushrooms) and compare its efficacy to the "Classic" extraction method used in earlier works.We demonstrate that our extraction protocol recovers the full suite of cyclopeptides and other secondary metabolites in unlike the "Classic" method that favors polar cyclopeptides.Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for how to optimize protocols to ensure exhaustive extracts and also the best practices when using natural extracts in ecological experiments.
了解植物与昆虫的相互作用是生态学和进化领域中一个活跃的研究方向。许多注意力都集中在宿主植物或真菌中的次生代谢产物对这些相互作用的影响上。植物和真菌含有多种生物活性化合物，并且次生代谢产物谱在个体样本之间可能有显著差异。然而，许多实验仅表征单一的次生代谢产物或这些化合物的一个子集的生物学效应。在此，我们开发了一种详尽的提取方案，使用加速溶剂萃取方案来回收在毒蝇伞中发现的完整环肽和其他次生代谢产物套件，并将其功效与早期研究中使用的“经典”提取方法进行比较。我们证明，与有利于极性环肽的“经典”方法不同，我们的提取方案能够回收毒蝇伞中的完整环肽和其他次生代谢产物套件。基于这些发现，我们提供了关于如何优化方案以确保获得详尽提取物的建议，以及在生态实验中使用天然提取物时的最佳实践。
