Kang Chuan-Zhi, Lyu Chao-Geng, Huang Lu-Qi, Wang Sheng, Wang Hong-Yang, Zhang Wen-Jin, Wang Rui-Shan, Wang Tie-Lin, Sun Jia-Hui, Zhou Tao, Guo Lan-Ping
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China.
Guiyang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550025, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2020 May;45(9):1975-1981. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200302.102.
The ecological agriculture of Chinese materia medica(CMM) has become the most dynamic and promising new field in the global ecological agriculture. The development of ecological planting of CMM has become the national strategy of Chinese traditional medicine agriculture. It has been highly valued and has flourished throughout the country, and has formed some more mature ecological planting models of CMM. Based on the system level, this paper sorts out the common ecological cultivation patterns of CMM, and obtains five basic patterns: landscape pattern at the ecological landscape level, circulation pattern at the ecosystem level, stereo model at the bio-community level, biodiversity patterns at the level of biological populations and well-established models at the level of biological individuals. On this basis, eight common ecological planting techniques of CMM were obtained, includingwild tending techniques, fine agricultural farming techniques, directional cultivation techniques, soil improvement techniques, soil testing and fertilization techniques, mycorrhizal cultivation techniques, green control technology for pests and diseases and facility cultivation techniques.This paper aims to provide theoretical basis for scientific research and popularization and application of CMM ecological planting.
中药材生态农业已成为全球生态农业中最具活力和前景的新领域。中药材生态种植的发展已成为中国传统医药农业的国家战略。它受到高度重视并在全国蓬勃发展，形成了一些较为成熟的中药材生态种植模式。本文从系统层面梳理了中药材常见的生态栽培模式，得出五种基本模式：生态景观层面的景观模式、生态系统层面的循环模式、生物群落层面的立体模式、生物种群层面的生物多样性模式以及生物个体层面的成熟模式。在此基础上，得出了八种常见的中药材生态种植技术，包括野生抚育技术、精细农耕技术、定向栽培技术、土壤改良技术、测土施肥技术、菌根栽培技术、病虫害绿色防控技术和设施栽培技术。本文旨在为中药材生态种植的科研及推广应用提供理论依据。
