Wang Hong-Yang, Kang Chuan-Zhi, Zhang Wen-Jin, Zhou Liang-Yun, Wan Xiu-Fu, Lyu Chao-Geng, Huang Lu-Qi, Liu Da-Hui, Guo Lan-Ping
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065, China.
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2020 May;45(9):1990-1995. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200302.104.
With the rapid development of comprehensive health industry, the demand for Chinese medicinal materials is increasing. There is also a growing demand for land for the cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials.Based on the analysis of the demand characteristics of planting habitats for Chinese medicinal herbs, this paper finds that compared with the cultivated environment, the wild environment is more conducive to the improvement of the quality and stress resistance of medicinal plants. The eco-planting for Chinese medicinal materials is the only way to achieve high quality, efficient and sustainable production of traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, according to the habitat distribution characteristics of wild medicinal plants, combined with the current situation of land resource utilization in China and the increasing demand for land for Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, the land use strategy of Chinese herbal medicine ecological agriculture was proposed. ① To vigorously develop underwood planting and change the existing field cultivation mode. ② To make full use of mountainous areas and barren slopes to carry out wild planta tending or planting imitates wild condition. ③ According to the development law and biological characteristics of medicinal plants, the land resources should be developed and used rationally according to local conditions.This can not only meet the requirements of the specific growth environment of Chinese medicinal materials, realize the sustainable development of the Chinese medicinal materials industry, but also increase the economic income of people in mountainous areas, provide scientific and effective solutions for the land use of Chinese medicinal materials, and also have important significance for the protection of wild Chinese medicinal materials.
随着综合健康产业的快速发展，对中药材的需求日益增加。对中药材种植用地的需求也在不断增长。通过对中药材种植生境需求特征的分析，本文发现与人工栽培环境相比，野生环境更有利于提高药用植物的品质和抗逆性。中药材生态种植是实现中药高品质、高效、可持续生产的必由之路。因此，根据野生药用植物的生境分布特点，结合我国土地资源利用现状以及中药材种植用地需求不断增加的情况，提出了中药材生态农业的土地利用策略。①大力发展林下种植，改变现有的田间种植模式。②充分利用山区和荒坡开展野生抚育或仿野生种植。③根据药用植物的生长规律和生物学特性，因地制宜合理开发利用土地资源。这不仅能满足中药材特定生长环境的要求，实现中药材产业的可持续发展，还能增加山区人民的经济收入，为中药材土地利用提供科学有效的解决方案，对保护野生中药材也具有重要意义。
