Chelli Eleonora, De Sabato Luca, Vaccari Gabriele, Ostanello Fabio, Di Bartolo Ilaria
Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Jun 2;10(6):966. doi: 10.3390/ani10060966.
Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) belongs to the genus of the family Picornaviridae. PSV infects pigs asymptomatically, but it can also cause severe neurologic, enteric, and respiratory symptoms or reproductive failure. Sapelovirus infections have been reported worldwide in pigs. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence and the prevalence of PSV in Italian swine farms in animals of different ages to clarify the occurrence of the infection and the genetic characteristics of circulating strains. In the present study, 92 pools of fecal samples, collected from pigs across three farms, were analyzed by Reverse Transcriptase-polymerase Chain Reaction-PCR (RT-PCR). Fecal pools from young growers (63/64) were found positive for Sapelovirus in all farms while detection in sows (4/28) was observed in only one farm. Phylogenetic analyses of the 19 partial capsid protein nucleotide sequences () (6-7 each farm) enable the classification of the virus sequences into three distinct clades and highlighted the high heterogeneity within one farm. The whole genome sequence obtained from one strain showed the highest correlation with the Italian strain detected in 2015. The study adds novel information about the circulation and heterogeneity of PSV strains in Italy and considering the movement of pigs across Europe would also be informative for other countries.
猪萨佩洛病毒（PSV）属于小核糖核酸病毒科的一个属。PSV感染猪后通常无症状，但也可引起严重的神经、肠道和呼吸道症状或繁殖障碍。猪萨佩洛病毒感染在全球范围内的猪群中均有报道。本研究的目的是调查意大利养猪场中不同年龄段动物的PSV存在情况和流行率，以阐明感染的发生情况以及流行毒株的遗传特征。在本研究中，对从三个农场收集的92份粪便样本池进行了逆转录-聚合酶链反应-PCR（RT-PCR）分析。所有农场中，幼龄生长猪的粪便样本池（63/64）均检测到萨佩洛病毒呈阳性，而母猪的粪便样本池（4/28）仅在一个农场中检测到阳性。对19个部分衣壳蛋白核苷酸序列（每个农场6 - 7个）进行系统发育分析，可将病毒序列分为三个不同的进化枝，并突出显示了一个农场内的高度异质性。从一个毒株获得的全基因组序列与2015年检测到的意大利毒株相关性最高。该研究增加了关于意大利PSV毒株传播和异质性的新信息，考虑到猪在欧洲的流动情况，对其他国家也具有参考价值。
