Golombek Patricia, Müller Marco, Barthlott Ines, Sproll Constanze, Lachenmeier Dirk W
Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Straße 3, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Toxics. 2020 Jun 3;8(2):41. doi: 10.3390/toxics8020041.
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a naturally occurring, non-psychotropic cannabinoid of the hemp plant L. and has been known to induce several physiological and pharmacological effects. While CBD is approved as a medicinal product subject to prescription, it is also widely sold over the counter (OTC) in the form of food supplements, cosmetics and electronic cigarette liquids. However, regulatory difficulties arise from its origin being a narcotic plant or its status as an unapproved novel food ingredient. Regarding the consumer safety of these OTC products, the question whether or not CBD might be degraded into psychotropic cannabinoids, most prominently tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), under in vivo conditions initiated an ongoing scientific debate. This feature review aims to summarize the current knowledge of CBD degradation processes, specifically the results of in vitro and in vivo studies. Additionally, the literature on psychotropic effects of cannabinoids was carefully studied with a focus on the degradants and metabolites of CBD, but data were found to be sparse. While the literature is contradictory, most studies suggest that CBD is not converted to psychotropic THC under in vivo conditions. Nevertheless, it is certain that CBD degrades to psychotropic products in acidic environments. Hence, the storage stability of commercial formulations requires more attention in the future.
大麻二酚（CBD）是大麻植物中天然存在的一种非精神活性大麻素，已知它能产生多种生理和药理作用。虽然CBD作为一种处方药已获批准，但它也以食品补充剂、化妆品和电子烟液的形式在非处方（OTC）市场广泛销售。然而，由于其源自麻醉植物或作为未经批准的新型食品成分的身份，导致监管困难。关于这些非处方产品的消费者安全性，CBD在体内条件下是否可能降解为精神活性大麻素，最显著的是四氢大麻酚（THC），引发了一场持续的科学辩论。本专题综述旨在总结当前关于CBD降解过程的知识，特别是体外和体内研究的结果。此外，还仔细研究了关于大麻素精神活性作用的文献，重点关注CBD的降解产物和代谢物，但发现数据稀少。虽然文献存在矛盾之处，但大多数研究表明，CBD在体内条件下不会转化为精神活性THC。然而，可以确定的是，CBD在酸性环境中会降解为精神活性产物。因此，未来商业制剂的储存稳定性需要更多关注。
