Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Molecules. 2020 Jun 3;25(11):2600. doi: 10.3390/molecules25112600.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. To fight the disease, natural products, including mulberry, with antioxidant activities and inhibitory activities against key enzymes (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and beta-secretase 1 (BACE-1)) are of interest. However, even in the same cultivars, mulberry trees grown in different populated locations might possess disparate amounts of phytochemical profiles, leading to dissimilar health properties, which cause problems when comparing different cultivars of mulberry. Therefore, this study aimed to comparatively investigate the phytochemicals, antioxidant activities, and inhibitory activities against AChE, BChE, and BACE-1, of twenty-seven spp. cultivated in the same planting area in Thailand. The results suggested that fruit samples were rich in phenolics, especially cyanidin, kuromanin, and keracyanin. Besides, the aqueous fruit extracts exhibited antioxidant activities, both in single electron transfer (SET) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanisms, while strong inhibitory activities against AD key enzymes were observed. Interestingly, among the twenty-seven spp., sp. code SKSM 810191 with high phytochemicals, antioxidant activities and in vitro anti-AD properties is a promising cultivar for further developed as a potential mulberry resource with health benefits against AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种进行性神经退行性疾病。为了对抗这种疾病，具有抗氧化活性和抑制关键酶（乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）和β-分泌酶 1（BACE-1））活性的天然产物，包括桑，引起了人们的兴趣。然而，即使在同一品种中，在不同人口密集地区种植的桑树可能具有不同数量的植物化学物质特征，导致不同的健康特性，这在比较不同品种的桑树时会造成问题。因此，本研究旨在比较研究在泰国同一种植区种植的 27 种 种的植物化学物质、抗氧化活性以及对 AChE、BChE 和 BACE-1 的抑制活性。结果表明， 果实样品富含酚类物质，特别是矢车菊素、kuromanin 和 keracyanin。此外，水提 果提取物表现出抗氧化活性，包括单电子转移（SET）和氢原子转移（HAT）机制，同时对 AD 关键酶表现出强烈的抑制活性。有趣的是，在 27 种 种中，具有高植物化学物质、抗氧化活性和体外抗 AD 特性的 种 SKSM 810191 是一种很有前途的品种，可进一步开发为具有抗 AD 功效的潜在桑树资源。
