Faculty of Sciences and Philosophy, and Laboratory of Investigation and Development, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory U, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Environ Health. 2020 Jun 5;19(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s12940-020-00618-6.
There have been no studies of air pollution and mortality in Lima, Peru. We evaluate whether daily environmental PM exposure is associated to respiratory and cardiovascular mortality in Lima during 2010 to 2016.
We analyzed 86,970 deaths from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Lima from 2010 to 2016. Estimated daily PM was assigned based on district of residence. Poisson regression was used to estimate associations between daily district-level PM exposures and daily counts of deaths.
An increase in 10 μg/m PM on the day before was significantly associated with daily cardiorespiratory mortality (RR 1.029; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05) across all ages and in the age group over 65 (RR 1.04; 95% CI: 1.005-1.09) which included 74% of all deaths. We also observed associations with circulatory deaths for all age groups (RR 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11), and those over 65 (RR 1.06; 95% CI 1.00-1.12). A borderline significant trend was seen (RR 1.05; 95% CI 0.99-1.06; p = 0.10) for respiratory deaths in persons aged over 65. Trends were driven by the highest quintile of exposure.
PM exposure is associated with daily cardiorespiratory mortality in Lima, especially for older people. Our data suggest that the existing limits on air pollution exposure are too high.
目前秘鲁利马市还没有关于空气污染与死亡率的研究。本研究旨在评估 2010 年至 2016 年期间，利马市每日环境 PM 暴露是否与呼吸和心血管疾病死亡率相关。
我们分析了 2010 年至 2016 年期间利马市因呼吸和心血管疾病导致的 86970 例死亡病例。根据居住区域估算每日 PM 暴露量。采用泊松回归模型分析每日区域水平 PM 暴露与每日死亡人数之间的相关性。
在所有年龄段和 65 岁以上年龄段（包括 74%的所有死亡病例）中，前一天 PM10 浓度每增加 10μg/m³，与每日心肺疾病死亡率呈显著正相关（RR1.029；95%CI：1.01-1.05）。我们还观察到所有年龄段（RR1.06；95%CI：1.01-1.11）和 65 岁以上年龄段（RR1.06；95%CI：1.00-1.12）与循环系统死亡相关。对于 65 岁以上人群，呼吸死亡呈明显上升趋势（RR1.05；95%CI：1.00-1.12；p=0.05）。这种趋势主要与最高五分位组的暴露量有关。
PM 暴露与利马市的每日心肺疾病死亡率相关，尤其是与老年人相关。我们的数据表明，现有的空气污染暴露限值过高。
