Department of Construction Management, School of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
BMJ Glob Health. 2020 Jun;5(6). doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002815.
Since the COVID-19 outbreak, Wuhan has adopted three methods of admitting patients for treatment: designated hospitals, newly built temporary hospitals and Fangcang shelter hospitals. It has been proven that converting large-scale public venues such as stadiums and exhibition centres into Fangcang shelter hospitals, which serve as hospitals for isolation, treatment and disease monitoring of patients with mild symptoms, is the most effective way to control virus transmission and reduce mortality. This paper presents some experiences learnt from treating COVID-19 in Wuhan, the first city to report the outbreak and which suffered from a shortage of emergency supplies, heavy workload among staff and a shortage of hospital beds during the early stages of the pandemic. The experiences include location, accessibility, spacious outdoor area, spacious indoor space, power supply, architectural layout design and partition isolation, ventilation, sewage, and problems in the construction and management of Fangcang shelter hospitals. During the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional approaches to disaster preparedness have demonstrated intrinsic problems, such as poor economic performance, inefficiency and lack of flexibility. Converting large-scale public venues into Fangcang shelter hospitals is an important means to rapidly improve the function of the city's healthcare system during a pandemic. This valuable experience in Wuhan will help other countries in their battle against the current COVID-19 pandemic and will also contribute to disaster preparedness and mitigation in the future.
自 COVID-19 疫情爆发以来，武汉采取了三种收治患者的方法：指定医院、新建临时医院和方舱庇护医院。事实证明，将体育场和展览中心等大型公共场馆改建为方舱庇护医院，作为轻症患者隔离、治疗和疾病监测的医院，是控制病毒传播和降低死亡率的最有效方法。本文介绍了武汉市在应对 COVID-19 疫情方面的一些经验，武汉是第一个报告疫情的城市，在疫情早期面临应急物资短缺、工作人员工作量大、医院床位不足等问题。这些经验包括选址、可达性、宽敞的室外区域、宽敞的室内空间、电力供应、建筑布局设计和分区隔离、通风、污水，以及方舱庇护医院的建设和管理问题。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，传统的灾害准备方法暴露出内在问题，例如经济表现不佳、效率低下和缺乏灵活性。将大型公共场馆改建成方舱庇护医院是在大流行期间快速提高城市医疗系统功能的重要手段。武汉的这一宝贵经验将有助于其他国家应对当前的 COVID-19 疫情，并为未来的灾害准备和减轻工作做出贡献。
