Nadezhdin Aleksey, Joergenrud Benedicte, Tetenova Elena, Bryun Evgeny, Koshkina Evgenya, Petukhov Alexei, Kolgashkin Alexey, Kabashi Saranda, Bogstrand Stig Tore
Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow Department of Public Health, Moscow, Russia.
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia.
Tob Prev Cessat. 2020 Mar 6;6:18. doi: 10.18332/tpc/117954. eCollection 2020.
Tobacco smoking is a major preventable risk factor for non-communicable diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of tobacco smoking among acute medically ill patients admitted to a Moscow hospital, and the association between smoking and alcohol use.
Patients admitted to the V. P. Demikhov hospital in Moscow from November 2016 through December 2017 were asked to participate in this study (inclusion criteria were acute medically ill patients aged ≥18 years). Sociodemographic data were collected, in addition to questionnaires on mental distress (Hopkins Symptom Checklist 5), alcohol use (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test 4, AUDIT-4) and smoking (Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence).
A total of 3009 patients were recruited to the study. Using a binary logistic regression model adjusted for all variables, it was found that living without a partner resulted in a higher risk of smoking tobacco compared to being married or living with a partner (odds ratio, OR=1.60 for divorced, p=0.001; and OR=1.62 for single, p=0.002), and being economically non-active resulted in a higher risk compared to being economically active (OR=1.47; p=0.003). Harmful alcohol use (AUDIT-4 score ≥5 [for females] / 7 [for males]) resulted in a higher risk of smoking compared to those without harmful alcohol use (OR=4.04; p<0.001).
Smoking was highly prevalent and associated with other adverse sociodemographic and lifestyle factors such as harmful alcohol use.
吸烟是导致非传染性疾病的一个主要可预防风险因素。本研究的目的是调查莫斯科一家医院收治的急性内科疾病患者中吸烟的预测因素，以及吸烟与饮酒之间的关联。
邀请2016年11月至2017年12月在莫斯科V.P.德米霍夫医院住院的患者参与本研究（纳入标准为年龄≥18岁的急性内科疾病患者）。除了收集社会人口学数据外，还使用了关于精神痛苦（霍普金斯症状清单5）、饮酒（酒精使用障碍识别测试4，AUDIT-4）和吸烟（尼古丁依赖的法格斯特龙测试）的问卷。
共有3009名患者被纳入研究。使用对所有变量进行调整的二元逻辑回归模型，发现与已婚或有伴侣生活相比，没有伴侣生活的人吸烟风险更高（离婚者的优势比，OR=1.60，p=0.001；单身者的OR=1.62，p=0.002），与经济活跃者相比，经济不活跃者的吸烟风险更高（OR=1.47；p=0.003）。与无有害饮酒者相比，有害饮酒（AUDIT-4评分≥5[女性] / 7[男性]）会导致更高的吸烟风险（OR=4.04；p<0.001）。
吸烟非常普遍，并且与其他不良社会人口学和生活方式因素如有害饮酒有关。
