Secrist Marie E, John Sufna G, Harper Shannon L, Conners Edge Nicola A, Sigel Benjamin A, Sievers Chad, Kramer Teresa
Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR USA.
Present Address: San Diego Center for Children, San Diego, CA USA.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2019 Jun 18;13(2):249-256. doi: 10.1007/s40653-019-00268-y. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Although nightmares are frequently endorsed symptoms in children who have experienced trauma, limited research has been conducted on how nightmares vary with different forms of trauma exposure. Our goal was to assess the relationship between nightmares, trauma exposure, and symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in youth. A total of 4440 trauma exposed treatment-seeking youth (ages 7 to 18) were administered the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index. Different trauma types, total traumas experienced, and PTSD symptoms were analyzed with correlations and a logistic regression in relation to nightmare frequency. Overall, 33.1% of participants reported experiencing clinically-significant nightmares. 79.1% of the sample experienced more than one trauma type, with an average of 3.06 trauma types endorsed. A binary logistic regression demonstrated the odds of reporting clinically-significant nightmares increased by 1.3 times for every additional type of trauma experienced. Lastly, nightmares were positively correlated with all PTSD criterion. The current study provides prevalence rates of trauma exposure and nightmares in a large, statewide sample of treatment-seeking youth. Each new trauma type experienced resulted in a greater likelihood of endorsing clinically-significant nightmares. This study provides useful information related to assessing and addressing nightmares in youth who have experienced trauma.
尽管噩梦是经历过创伤的儿童中经常出现的症状，但关于噩梦如何因不同形式的创伤暴露而有所不同的研究却很有限。我们的目标是评估青少年中噩梦、创伤暴露与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状之间的关系。共有4440名寻求治疗的受创伤青少年（年龄在7至18岁之间）接受了加州大学洛杉矶分校PTSD反应指数测试。对不同的创伤类型、经历的创伤总数以及PTSD症状与噩梦频率进行了相关性分析和逻辑回归分析。总体而言，33.1%的参与者报告经历过具有临床意义的噩梦。79.1%的样本经历了不止一种创伤类型，平均认可3.06种创伤类型。二元逻辑回归表明，每多经历一种创伤类型，报告具有临床意义的噩梦的几率就会增加1.3倍。最后，噩梦与所有PTSD标准呈正相关。本研究提供了在一个大型的全州范围内寻求治疗的青少年样本中创伤暴露和噩梦的患病率。每经历一种新的创伤类型，认可具有临床意义的噩梦的可能性就会增加。这项研究为评估和解决经历过创伤的青少年的噩梦提供了有用的信息。
