Lagos Antonia E, Ramos Phoebe H, Andrade Tomás
Otolaryngology Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
OTO Open. 2020 Jun 8;4(2):2473974X20934734. doi: 10.1177/2473974X20934734. eCollection 2020 Apr-Jun.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has placed unprecedented challenges on the world and the medical community. It is transmitted through droplets, contact, the fecal-oral route, and airborne transmission under certain conditions that allow droplets to combine with air particles to form an aerosol. Viral loads are higher in the nasal area and similar in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Medical situations have been classified into high and low risk of generating aerosols. Most procedures and surgery in otolaryngology correspond to high-risk medical situations. This review aims to gather the vast amount of available information and generate recommendations for different surgical procedures according to aerosolization risk and COVID-19 status, with use of specific personal protective equipment in each case.
PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and Food and Drug Administration.
We conducted a review on the literature on personal protective equipment for otolaryngologic surgery and surgical indication restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
SARS-CoV-2 is an easily transmitted virus. Asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with COVID-19 present an upper airway high viral load, conferring otolaryngologic procedures a high risk of aerosolization. Surgical procedures must be categorized according to aerosolization risk and the possibility of COVID-19 diagnosis, according to use of personal protective equipment.
This review contributes to scientific knowledge regarding the detailed description of protective personal equipment and, most important, surgical recommendations to reduce the risk of infection in the otolaryngology community during the COVID-19 pandemic.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）给世界和医学界带来了前所未有的挑战。它通过飞沫、接触、粪口途径传播，在某些使飞沫与空气颗粒结合形成气溶胶的条件下还可通过空气传播。鼻腔区域的病毒载量更高，有症状和无症状患者的病毒载量相似。医疗情况已被分为产生气溶胶的高风险和低风险。耳鼻喉科的大多数手术操作都属于高风险医疗情况。本综述旨在收集大量可用信息，并根据气溶胶化风险和COVID-19状态为不同的外科手术制定建议，每种情况都使用特定的个人防护设备。
PubMed、MEDLINE和Embase。疾病控制与预防中心、国家职业安全与健康研究所和食品药品监督管理局。
我们对COVID-19大流行期间耳鼻喉科手术个人防护设备和手术适应症限制的文献进行了综述。
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）是一种易于传播的病毒。COVID-19有症状和无症状患者的上呼吸道病毒载量高，使耳鼻喉科手术有很高的气溶胶化风险。必须根据气溶胶化风险和COVID-19诊断可能性，按照个人防护设备的使用情况对手术操作进行分类。
本综述有助于丰富关于防护性个人设备详细描述的科学知识，最重要的是，有助于提出手术建议以降低COVID-19大流行期间耳鼻喉科领域的感染风险。
