NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing, P. R. People's Republic of China.
China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):1444-1452. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1783188.
The lung microbiome plays an important role in the pathophysiological processes associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, only a few studies using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing have been reported, and the interactions between (MTB) and the lung microbiome remain poorly understood. Patients with respiratory symptoms and imaging abnormalities compatible with tuberculosis (TB) were enrolled. We analyzed the lung microbiome in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from 30 MTB-positive (MTB+) subjects and 30 MTB negative (MTB-) subjects by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Alpha diversity tended to be lower in the MTB+ group than in the MTB- group. There was a significant difference in diversity between the MTB+ and MTB- subjects. MTB+ lung samples were dominated by MTB, while MTB- samples were enriched with , , , and , which more closely resemble the microbial composition of a healthy lung Network analysis suggested that MTB could greatly impact the microbial community structure. MTB+ and MTB- communities showed distinct functional signatures. Fungal communities were also found to be associated with the presence or absence of MTB. Furthermore, it was confirmed that 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing underrepresents . This pilot study is the first to explore the interplay between MTB and the host microbiome by using metagenomic sequencing. MTB dominates the lung microbiome of MTB+ subjects, while MTB- subjects have a -enriched microbiome. The 16S approach underrepresents and is not the best way to study the TB-associated microbiome.
肺微生物组在与肺结核（PTB）相关的病理生理过程中起着重要作用。然而，仅有少数使用 16S rDNA 扩增子测序的研究报告，并且 MTB 与肺微生物组之间的相互作用仍知之甚少。我们纳入了有呼吸道症状和影像学异常与结核病（TB）相符的患者。我们通过鸟枪法宏基因组测序分析了 30 例 MTB 阳性（MTB+）和 30 例 MTB 阴性（MTB-）受试者支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）样本中的肺微生物组。MTB+组的 alpha 多样性呈下降趋势。MTB+和 MTB-组之间的 多样性存在显著差异。MTB+肺样本以 MTB 为主，而 MTB-样本富含 、 、 、 和 ，更接近健康肺的微生物组成。网络分析表明，MTB 可极大地影响微生物群落结构。MTB+和 MTB-群落显示出明显不同的功能特征。真菌群落也与 MTB 的存在与否有关。此外，还证实 16S rDNA 扩增子测序会低估 。这项初步研究首次通过宏基因组测序来探索 MTB 与宿主微生物组之间的相互作用。MTB 主导 MTB+受试者的肺微生物组，而 MTB-受试者的微生物组富含 。16S 方法会低估 ，并且不是研究与 TB 相关的微生物组的最佳方法。
