Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC, Leiden, Netherlands.
Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2020 Dec;56:133-140. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.06.010. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
The use of oncolytic viruses forms an appealing approach for cancer treatment. On the one hand the viruses replicate in, and kill, tumor cells, leading to their intra-tumoral amplification. On the other hand the viral infection will activate virus-directed immune responses, and may trigger immune responses directed against tumor cells and tumor antigens. To date, a wide variety of oncolytic viruses is being developed for use in cancer treatment. While the development of oncolytic viruses has often been initiated by researchers in academia and other public institutions, a large majority of the final product development and the testing of these products in clinical trials is industry led. As a consequence relatively few pre-clinical and clinical studies evaluated different oncolytic viruses in competitive side-by-side preclinical or clinical studies. In this review we will summarize the steps and considerations essential in the development and characterization of oncolytic viruses, and describe our multidisciplinary academic consortium, which involves a dozen departments in three different Dutch universities, collaborating in the development of oncolytic viruses. This consortium has the ambition to develop a small series of oncolytic viruses and to evaluate these in various cancers.
溶瘤病毒的应用为癌症治疗提供了一种有吸引力的方法。一方面，病毒在肿瘤细胞内复制并杀死肿瘤细胞，导致其在肿瘤内扩增。另一方面，病毒感染会激活病毒导向的免疫反应，并可能引发针对肿瘤细胞和肿瘤抗原的免疫反应。迄今为止，已经开发了多种溶瘤病毒用于癌症治疗。虽然溶瘤病毒的开发通常由学术界和其他公共机构的研究人员发起，但最终产品的开发和临床试验中的这些产品的测试大部分是由行业主导的。因此，相对较少的临床前和临床研究评估了不同溶瘤病毒在竞争性的临床前或临床研究中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们将总结开发和表征溶瘤病毒所必需的步骤和考虑因素，并描述我们的多学科学术联盟，该联盟涉及三个荷兰不同大学的十几个部门，合作开发溶瘤病毒。该联盟的目标是开发一系列小的溶瘤病毒，并在各种癌症中评估这些病毒。
