Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Nanomedicine. 2020 Oct;29:102242. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102242. Epub 2020 Jun 17.
Recent advances in nanotechnology have made significant progress in biomedical sciences. However, there are growing concerns that exposure to naturally-occurring and synthetic nano-sized particles promotes various types of human diseases. The lungs are the vital organ for gas exchange. Due to their unique position, the lungs can be the primary route that nanoparticles (NPs) enter the human body, which exerts toxic effects. In spite of the wide applications of NPs, the precise effects on health following exposure are not fully understood. To address this, the biophysical properties of naturally-occurring and synthetic NPs, their pathological effects on the respiratory system and the potential human health risk are examined. The goal of this review is to provide the current evidence that exposure to NPs is a risk factor to develop human diseases. The understanding of the pathological process by NPs is essential in preventing and the treatment of nanoparticle-induced human diseases.
近年来，纳米技术的发展在生物医学科学领域取得了重大进展。然而，人们越来越担心，暴露于天然存在和合成的纳米级颗粒会引发各种类型的人类疾病。肺部是进行气体交换的重要器官。由于其独特的位置，纳米颗粒（NPs）可以通过肺部这条主要途径进入人体，从而产生毒性作用。尽管 NPs 有着广泛的应用，但暴露后对健康的确切影响尚不完全清楚。有鉴于此，本综述探讨了天然存在和合成 NPs 的生物物理特性、它们对呼吸系统的病理影响以及潜在的人类健康风险。本综述的目的是提供目前的证据，即暴露于 NPs 是导致人类疾病的一个风险因素。了解 NPs 的病理过程对于预防和治疗由纳米颗粒引起的人类疾病至关重要。
