COVID-19 和流感的临床特征：诺尔-弗朗什-孔泰集群的对比研究。
Clinical features of COVID-19 and influenza: a comparative study on Nord Franche-Comte cluster.
机构信息
Infectious Disease Department, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, France.
Infectious Disease Department, Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, France.
出版信息
Microbes Infect. 2020 Oct;22(9):481-488. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.05.016. Epub 2020 Jun 16.
Clinical descriptions about influenza-like illnesses (ILI) in COVID-19 seem non-specific. We aimed to compare the clinical features of COVID-19 and influenza. We retrospectively investigated the clinical features and outcomes of confirmed cases of COVID-19 and influenza in Nord Franche-Comté Hospital between February 26th and March 14th 2020. We used SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and influenza virus A/B RT-PCR in respiratory samples to confirm the diagnosis. We included 124 patients. The mean age was 59 (±19 [19-98]) years with 69% female. 70 patients with COVID-19 and 54 patients with influenza A/B. Regarding age, sex and comorbidities, no differences were found between the two groups except a lower Charlson index in COVID-19 group (2 [±2.5] vs 3 [±2.4],p = 0.003). Anosmia (53% vs 17%,p < 0.001), dysgeusia (49% vs 20%,p = 0.001), diarrhea (40% vs 20%,p = 0.021), frontal headache (26% vs 9%,p = 0.021) and bilateral cracklings sounds (24% vs 9%,p = 0.034) were statistically more frequent in COVID-19. Sputum production (52% vs 29%,p = 0.010), dyspnea (59% vs 34%,p = 0.007), sore throat (44% vs 20%,p = 0.006), conjunctival hyperhemia (30% vs 4%,p < 0.001), tearing (24% vs 6%,p = 0.004), vomiting (22% vs 3%,p = 0.001) and rhonchi sounds (17% vs 1%,p = 0.002) were more frequent with influenza infection. We described several clinical differences which can help the clinicians during the co-circulation of influenza and SARS-CoV-2.
临床描述 COVID-19 似流感样疾病（ILI）的症状是非特异性的。我们旨在比较 COVID-19 和流感的临床特征。我们回顾性调查了 2020 年 2 月 26 日至 3 月 14 日期间在 Nord Franche-Comté 医院确诊的 COVID-19 和流感病例的临床特征和结局。我们使用 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR 和流感病毒 A/B RT-PCR 检测呼吸道样本以确认诊断。共纳入 124 例患者，平均年龄为 59（±19 [19-98]）岁，女性占 69%。70 例 COVID-19 患者和 54 例流感 A/B 患者。两组患者在年龄、性别和合并症方面无差异，除 COVID-19 组Charlson 指数较低（2[±2.5]vs3[±2.4]，p=0.003）外。嗅觉丧失（53% vs 17%，p<0.001）、味觉障碍（49% vs 20%，p=0.001）、腹泻（40% vs 20%，p=0.021）、额头痛（26% vs 9%，p=0.021）和双侧爆裂音（24% vs 9%，p=0.034）在 COVID-19 中更为常见。咳痰（52% vs 29%，p=0.010）、呼吸困难（59% vs 34%，p=0.007）、咽痛（44% vs 20%，p=0.006）、结膜充血（30% vs 4%，p<0.001）、流泪（24% vs 6%，p=0.004）和湿啰音（17% vs 1%，p=0.002）在流感感染中更为常见。我们描述了一些临床差异，这有助于临床医生在流感和 SARS-CoV-2 同时流行时进行鉴别诊断。
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