Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Nutrition. 2020 Nov-Dec;79-80:110759. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110759. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
The Internet has become the main source of health-related information including nutrition. The aim of this study was to rank the most popular diets among Google users globally and regionally in addition to secular and seasonal trends in the years 2004 to 2019.
We used Google Trends (GT) to identify and analyze course over time and regional interest of 47 topics related to diets. We analyzed secular trends using the Seasonal Mann-Kendall test and seasonal variation using time-series decomposition. The topic "Mediterranean diet" (MedD) was used as a benchmark. We calculated the interest of all topics in proportion to the relative search volume (RSV) of MedD.
Globally, Google users were particularly interested in veganism (19.54 times higher than MedD), vegetarianism (15.09 times higher than MedD), and gluten-free diet (11.11 times higher than MedD). Veganism was the most frequently searched diet type in 23 countries followed by vegetarianism (14), ketogenic diet (7), and low-carbohydrate diet (7). Whereas an increase of RSV over time was observed for 23 diets, a decrease was noted for 20. The most dynamic increase was found for FODMAP (6.12 RSV/year), gluten-free diet (5.95 RSV/year), and raw veganism (5.72 RSV/year). Sharp declines concerned negative-calorie food (-4.34 RSV/year), macrobiotic diet (-3.89 RSV/year), and cabbage soup diet (-3.50 RSV/year). The interest in most diets falls in December but peaks in January.
Veganism, vegetarianism, and gluten-free diet attract the largest public interest globally. Both secular trends and seasonal variation shape the ever-changing landscape of diet popularity. GT holds promise as a valuable tool in local and international nutrition research.
互联网已成为包括营养在内的健康相关信息的主要来源。本研究旨在对 2004 年至 2019 年期间全球和地区最受欢迎的饮食方式进行排名，并分析其长期和季节性变化趋势。
我们使用 Google 趋势（GT）来识别和分析与饮食相关的 47 个主题随时间的变化和地区兴趣。我们使用季节性 Mann-Kendall 检验分析长期趋势，使用时间序列分解分析季节性变化。以“地中海饮食”（MedD）为基准。我们将所有主题的兴趣与 MedD 的相对搜索量（RSV）进行比例计算。
全球范围内，谷歌用户对纯素食（比 MedD 高 19.54 倍）、素食（比 MedD 高 15.09 倍）和无麸质饮食（比 MedD 高 11.11 倍）特别感兴趣。23 个国家/地区搜索最多的饮食类型是纯素食，其次是素食（14 个）、生酮饮食（7 个）和低碳水化合物饮食（7 个）。虽然 23 种饮食的 RSV 随时间呈上升趋势，但有 20 种饮食的 RSV 呈下降趋势。观察到 FODMAP（6.12 RSV/年）、无麸质饮食（5.95 RSV/年）和生素食（5.72 RSV/年）的增长最为迅猛。负面卡路里食品（-4.34 RSV/年）、长寿饮食（-3.89 RSV/年）和白菜汤饮食（-3.50 RSV/年）的关注度急剧下降。大多数饮食的兴趣在 12 月下降，但在 1 月达到峰值。
纯素食、素食和无麸质饮食在全球范围内吸引了最大的公众兴趣。长期趋势和季节性变化共同塑造了饮食流行趋势的不断变化。GT 有望成为本地和国际营养研究的有用工具。
