McConkie G W, Kerr P W, Reddix M D, Zola D
Center for the Study of Reading, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 61820.
Vision Res. 1988;28(10):1107-18. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(88)90137-x.
Sixty-six college students read two chapters from a contemporary novel while their eye movements were monitored. The eye movement data were analyzed to identify factors that influence the location of a reader's initial eye fixation on a word. When the data were partitioned according to the location of the prior fixation (i.e. launch site), the distribution of fixation locations on the word (i.e. landing site distribution) was highly constrained, normal in shape, and not influenced by word length. The locations of initial fixations on words can be accounted for on the basis of five principles of perceptuo-oculomotor control: a word-object has a specific functional target location, a saccadic range error occurs that produces a systematic deviation of landing sites from the functional target location, the saccadic range error is reduced somewhat for saccades that follow longer eye fixations, there exists perceptuo-oculomotor variability that is a second, nonsystematic source of variation in landing sites, and the perceptuo-oculomotor variability increases with distance of the launch site from the target.
66名大学生阅读了一部当代小说的两个章节，同时他们的眼动情况受到监测。对眼动数据进行分析，以确定影响读者首次注视单词位置的因素。当根据先前注视的位置（即起始点）对数据进行划分时，单词上注视位置的分布（即落点分布）受到高度限制，呈正态分布，且不受单词长度的影响。单词首次注视的位置可以基于感知眼动控制的五个原则来解释：单词对象有一个特定的功能目标位置，会出现扫视范围误差，导致落点从功能目标位置产生系统性偏差，对于跟随较长眼注视的扫视，扫视范围误差会有所减小，存在感知眼动变异性，这是落点变化的第二个非系统性来源，并且感知眼动变异性随着起始点与目标的距离增加而增大。
