调查不同层级卫生专业人员的工作相关压力：一项横断面研究。
Investigating work-related stress among health professionals at different hierarchical levels: A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Division of Applied Research & Development in Nursing Bern University of Applied Sciences Bern Switzerland.
Department of Health Services Research Focusing on Value-based Care and Ageing Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands.
出版信息
Nurs Open. 2020 Mar 14;7(4):969-979. doi: 10.1002/nop2.469. eCollection 2020 Jul.
AIM
To determine the extent of stress at work among health professionals working in upper-, middle- and lower-management positions and those not working in management positions.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional design and randomly selected hospitals, nursing homes and home care organizations.
METHODS
The study sample included nursing staff and midwives, physicians, medical-technical and medical-therapeutic professionals at all hierarchical levels ( = 8,112). Data were collected using self-report questionnaires and analysed using multiple regression models.
RESULTS
Health professionals in upper- and middle-management positions reported higher quantitative demands, severe work-private life conflicts ( < .05) as well as less role clarity in middle-management positions ( = -1.58, < .05). In lower-management positions, health professionals reported higher physical ( = 3.80, < .001) and emotional demands ( = 1.79, < .01), stress symptoms ( = 1.81, < .05) and job dissatisfaction ( = -1.17, < .05). Health professionals without management responsibilities reported the poorest working conditions in relation to various stressors, job satisfaction ( = -5.20, < .001) and health-related outcomes (e.g. burnout symptoms: = 1.89, < .01).
目的
确定从事高层、中层和基层管理工作的卫生专业人员与非管理人员的工作压力程度。
设计
横断面设计和随机选择的医院、护理院和家庭护理机构。
方法
研究样本包括护理人员和助产士、医生、医疗技术和医疗治疗专业人员的所有层级（n=8112）。使用自我报告问卷收集数据，并使用多元回归模型进行分析。
结果
高层和中层管理岗位的卫生专业人员报告了更高的量化需求、严重的工作与私人生活冲突（<0.05），以及中层管理岗位的角色清晰度较低（=-1.58，<0.05）。在基层管理岗位上，卫生专业人员报告了更高的身体（=3.80，<0.001）和情绪需求（=1.79，<0.01）、压力症状（=1.81，<0.05）和工作不满（= -1.17，<0.05）。没有管理职责的卫生专业人员报告了与各种压力源、工作满意度（=-5.20，<0.001）和与健康相关的结果（如倦怠症状：=1.89，<0.01）相关的最差工作条件。
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