Losada-Baltar Andrés, Márquez-González María, Jiménez-Gonzalo Lucía, Pedroso-Chaparro María Del Sequeros, Gallego-Alberto Laura, Fernandes-Pires José
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Departamento de Psicología, Madrid, España.
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud, Madrid, España.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol. 2020 Sep-Oct;55(5):272-278. doi: 10.1016/j.regg.2020.05.005. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
To analyze differences by age group in anxiety, depression, loneliness and comorbid anxiety and depression in young people, middle aged adults and older adults during the lock-down period at home due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to explore the association between negative self-perceptions of aging and psychological symptoms controlling by age group.
Participants are 1501 people (age range 18 to 88 years). Anxiety, sadness, loneliness and self-perceptions of aging were assessed. The sample was divided according to the age group and quartiles (lower, intermediate levels, and higher) of anxiety, sadness, loneliness and self-perceptions of aging.
Older adults reported lower levels of anxiety and sadness than middle aged adults, and middle aged adults reported lower levels than younger participants. Middle aged adults reported the lowest loneliness, followed by older adults and younger participants. For each age group, those with more negative self-perceptions of aging reported higher anxiety, sadness and loneliness. More comorbid anxiety and sadness was found in younger adults and less in older adults; more depressed participants in the middle aged group, and more older adults and less younger participants were found in the group with the lowest levels of anxiety and sadness. For all the age groups, participants with high levels of comorbid anxiety and sadness are those who report the highest scores in negative self-perceptions of aging.
Older adults reported lower psychological anxiety, sadness and loneliness than the other age groups. Having negative self-perceptions of aging damage psychological health irrespective of the chronological age.
分析在因新冠疫情居家封锁期间，年轻人、中年人和老年人在焦虑、抑郁、孤独以及焦虑抑郁共病方面的年龄组差异，并探讨衰老的负面自我认知与年龄组控制下的心理症状之间的关联。
参与者为1501人（年龄范围18至88岁）。评估了焦虑、悲伤、孤独以及衰老的自我认知情况。样本根据年龄组以及焦虑、悲伤、孤独和衰老自我认知的四分位数（低、中、高）进行划分。
老年人报告的焦虑和悲伤水平低于中年人，中年人报告的水平低于年轻参与者。中年人报告的孤独感最低，其次是老年人和年轻参与者。对于每个年龄组，对衰老有更多负面自我认知的人报告的焦虑、悲伤和孤独感更高。在年轻人中发现更多的焦虑和悲伤共病情况，而在老年人中较少；中年组中抑郁的参与者更多，在焦虑和悲伤水平最低的组中，发现更多的老年人和更少的年轻人。对于所有年龄组，焦虑和悲伤共病水平高的参与者在衰老的负面自我认知方面得分最高。
老年人报告的心理焦虑、悲伤和孤独感低于其他年龄组。无论实际年龄如何，对衰老有负面自我认知都会损害心理健康。
