Nguyen Trinh T, Thelen Jarett C, Bhatt Alok A
University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
Insights Imaging. 2020 Jun 29;11(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s13244-020-00883-6.
Spinal osseous neoplasms are frequently encountered and can be challenging when present as solitary lesions. Familiarity with the range of benign and malignant spinal pathology can help the radiologist formulate a comprehensive differential diagnosis. This article focuses on the spectrum of extradural spinal tumors, accounting for the majority of primary spinal tumors, by comparing the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and characteristic imaging appearance of these lesions. The discussion includes the commonly encountered benign lesions, such as vertebral venous vascular malformation and enostosis, as well as malignant lesions including metastases and lymphoma. The article also includes other less-encountered primary spinal tumors such as plasmacytoma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, giant cell tumor, eosinophilic granuloma, chordoma, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and angiosarcoma. Familiarity with the characteristic imaging features can help the radiologist reach an accurate diagnosis and obviate the need for unnecessary invasive procedures such as biopsy and surgery.
脊柱骨肿瘤很常见，当表现为孤立性病变时可能具有挑战性。熟悉良性和恶性脊柱病变的范围有助于放射科医生制定全面的鉴别诊断。本文通过比较这些病变的流行病学、病理生理学、临床表现和特征性影像学表现，重点讨论硬膜外脊柱肿瘤，这类肿瘤占原发性脊柱肿瘤的大多数。讨论内容包括常见的良性病变，如椎静脉血管畸形和骨岛，以及恶性病变，如转移瘤和淋巴瘤。本文还包括其他较少见的原发性脊柱肿瘤，如浆细胞瘤、骨样骨瘤、骨母细胞瘤、巨细胞瘤、嗜酸性肉芽肿、脊索瘤、软骨肉瘤、骨肉瘤、尤因肉瘤和血管肉瘤。熟悉特征性影像学表现有助于放射科医生做出准确诊断，避免进行不必要的侵入性检查，如活检和手术。
