Li Jia, Nguyen Tuan T, Wang Xiaobei, Mathisen Roger, Fang Jin
Institute of Economics, School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
China Development Research Foundation, Beijing, China.
Matern Child Nutr. 2020 Oct;16 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):e13002. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13002. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
We examined the association between breastfeeding practices and associated factors using cross-sectional data from face-to-face interviews with 9,745 mother-child dyads in China. The study collected information on breastfeeding practices and potential associated factors at the individual, family, health facility and environmental levels in China. We used survey commands in Stata to consider sampling weight and survey design effects. Although breastfeeding was the norm (97.4% ever breastfed), the prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) in 0-11 months old was 8.2%, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in 0-5 months old was 27.8% and breastfeeding on the previous day in 6-11 months old was 77.5%. The prevalence of EIBF was lower for caesarean delivery and among mothers belonging to ethnic minority groups. The prevalence of EBF was higher among mothers who practiced EIBF, received information that encouraged breastfeeding and knew that a baby should be breastfed on demand and exclusively. By contrast, the prevalence of EBF was lower in mothers who received infant formula advice or felt uneasy breastfeeding in public places. The prevalence of breastfeeding on the previous day was higher among mothers whose partners supported breastfeeding and who knew about timing of colostrum production, EBF for 6 months, and to nurse more to stimulate milk production. The prevalence of breastfeeding on the previous day was lower in mothers who received infant formula advice or felt uneasy breastfeeding in public places. In conclusion, we found that the prevalence of EIBF and EBF practices in China was low and associated with factors at individual, family, health facility and environmental levels.
我们利用在中国对9745对母婴进行面对面访谈得出的横断面数据，研究了母乳喂养方式与相关因素之间的关联。该研究收集了中国个人、家庭、医疗机构和环境层面上母乳喂养方式及潜在相关因素的信息。我们使用Stata中的调查命令来考虑抽样权重和调查设计效应。虽然母乳喂养是常态（97.4%的人曾进行母乳喂养），但0至11个月大婴儿的早期母乳喂养（EIBF）普及率为8.2%，0至5个月大婴儿的纯母乳喂养（EBF）普及率为27.8%，6至11个月大婴儿前一天进行母乳喂养的普及率为77.5%。剖宫产分娩的产妇以及少数民族母亲的EIBF普及率较低。进行EIBF、收到鼓励母乳喂养信息且知道应按需纯母乳喂养的母亲中，EBF普及率较高。相比之下，接受婴儿配方奶粉建议或在公共场所母乳喂养感到不安的母亲中，EBF普及率较低。伴侣支持母乳喂养且了解初乳分泌时间、6个月纯母乳喂养以及多喂奶以刺激乳汁分泌的母亲中，前一天进行母乳喂养的普及率较高。接受婴儿配方奶粉建议或在公共场所母乳喂养感到不安的母亲中，前一天进行母乳喂养的普及率较低。总之，我们发现中国的EIBF和EBF普及率较低，且与个人、家庭、医疗机构和环境层面的因素相关。
