哮喘及哮喘样症状的患病率：伊朗五省的一项研究
Prevalence of Asthma and Asthma-like Symptoms: a Study in Five Provinces of Iran.
作者信息
Sharifi Hooman, Ghanei Mostafa, Jamaati Hamidreza, Masjedi Mohammad Reza, Najafimehr Hadis, Fakharian Atefeh, Eslaminejad Alireza
机构信息
Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Tanaffos. 2019 Apr;18(4):321-328.
BACKGROUND
Asthma is a complex chronic inflammatory airway disease affecting millions of people worldwide. The prevalence of asthma attacks in most regions of the world, including the developing countries, increases due to urbanization, industrialization, and lifestyle.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present study aimed at investigating the prevalence of asthma and asthma symptoms in five provinces of Iran using the stratified cluster sampling method and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire.
RESULTS
A total of 4918 subjects were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of nocturnal cough was 27.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 26%-28%); it was the most common asthma symptom followed by nocturnal shortness of breath (19.6%; 95%CI: 18-21%). For participants aged 20-44 years, the most prevalent symptoms were coughing attacks (37.7%), shortness of breath (26.5%), and nasal allergies (22.7%), respectively.
CONCLUSION
There was a significant association among gender, age, and nasal allergy. Relevant studies should be conducted to figure out the countrywide distribution and the real burden of the disease.
背景
哮喘是一种复杂的慢性炎症性气道疾病，全球数百万人受其影响。由于城市化、工业化和生活方式的改变，包括发展中国家在内的世界大多数地区哮喘发作的患病率都有所上升。
材料与方法
本研究旨在采用分层整群抽样方法和欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查（ECRHS）问卷，调查伊朗五个省份哮喘及哮喘症状的患病率。
结果
共有4918名受试者参与了本研究。夜间咳嗽的患病率为27.4%（95%置信区间（CI）：26%-28%）；它是最常见的哮喘症状，其次是夜间呼吸急促（19.6%；95%CI：18%-21%）。对于20-44岁的参与者，最常见的症状分别是咳嗽发作（37.7%）、呼吸急促（26.5%）和鼻过敏（22.7%）。
结论
性别、年龄和鼻过敏之间存在显著关联。应开展相关研究以明确该病在全国的分布情况及实际负担。
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