Baççıoğlu Ayşe, Söğüt Ayhan, Kılıç Ömer, Beyhun Ercüment
Clinic of Adult Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Ministry Health Erzurum Area Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.
Clinic of Child Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Ministry Health Erzurum Area Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.
Turk Thorac J. 2015 Apr;16(2):68-72. doi: 10.5152/ttd.2015.4229. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
Allergic diseases are a major public health problem, owing to their socioeconomic burden and high frequency. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of allergic diseases in adults and children in the province of Erzurum.
Primary school students aged 11-12 years old filled out the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase II questionnaire, and their parents filled out the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire by themselves. We enrolled 494 questionnaires for ISAAC and 946 for ECRHS.
The survey response rates were 91.8% for ISAAC and 87% for ECRHS. The frequencies of doctor-diagnosed asthma, allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy in children were 11.9%, 8.9%, 27.3%, 3.6%, and 6.5%, respectively. In adults, the rates of wheezing in the chest, accompanying shortness of breath, and wheezing in the absence of flu within the last 12 months were 8%, 8%, and 5.5%, respectively, whereas the rate of asthma attack in the last 12 months was 2.9%, the rate of asthma medication usage was 2.6%, and the frequency of allergic rhinitis was 1.6%. The determined risk factors for childhood were "duration of attending a nursery" for asthma (p=0.02, OR=2.51, 95% CI=1.14-5.53), "having ever been to a nursery" for atopic dermatitis (p=0.02, OR=3.83, 95% CI=1.24-11.8), and "a family history of rhinitis" for food allergy (p=0.01, OR=2.94, 95% CI=1.13-6-57).
The prevalence of allergic diseases in children and adults in Erzurum was found to be lower than in studies conducted throughout Turkey and in western regions of the Country. Going to a nursery, the length of nursery education, and a family history of rhinitis were identified as the risk factors for allergic diseases in children. The identification of regional risk factors and taking preventive measures in this regard may provide a reduction in the incidence of allergic diseases.
由于其社会经济负担和高发病率，过敏性疾病是一个主要的公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是评估埃尔祖鲁姆省成人和儿童过敏性疾病的患病率及危险因素。
11至12岁的小学生填写了儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究（ISAAC）第二阶段问卷，他们的父母自行填写了欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查（ECRHS）问卷。我们收集了494份ISAAC问卷和946份ECRHS问卷。
ISAAC的调查回复率为91.8%，ECRHS的为87%。儿童中医生诊断的哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、结膜炎、特应性皮炎和食物过敏的发生率分别为11.9%、8.9%、27.3%、3.6%和6.5%。在成人中，过去12个月内胸部喘息、伴有呼吸急促以及无流感时喘息的发生率分别为8%、8%和5.5%，而过去12个月内哮喘发作的发生率为2.9%，哮喘药物使用率为2.6%，过敏性鼻炎的发生率为1.6%。确定的儿童危险因素为：哮喘的“上托儿所时间”（p=0.02，OR=2.51，95%CI=1.14-5.53）、特应性皮炎的“曾去过托儿所”（p=0.02，OR=3.83，95%CI=1.24-11.8）以及食物过敏的“鼻炎家族史”（p=0.01，OR=2.94，95%CI=1.13-6.57）。
发现埃尔祖鲁姆省儿童和成人过敏性疾病的患病率低于在土耳其全国及该国西部地区开展的研究。上托儿所、托儿所教育时长以及鼻炎家族史被确定为儿童过敏性疾病的危险因素。识别区域危险因素并在此方面采取预防措施可能会降低过敏性疾病的发病率。
