VIVE-The Danish Center for Social Science Research, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Feb;37(3-4):NP2177-NP2205. doi: 10.1177/0886260520934442. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
Numerous studies have shown that the rate of sexual victimization against children with disabilities is higher than the rate for children without disabilities. The study focuses on examining sexual crime against children with disabilities and explaining differences in victimization to elucidate to what extent types of disability, family disadvantages, gender, high-risk behavior, and location influence adolescents' risk of sexual victimization. Data are based on a national study of reported sexual crime against children in Denmark aged between 7 and 18 years using total birth cohorts ( = 679,683). The statistical analysis is a discrete-time Cox model. An extended list of potential risk factors was included in the analysis to adjust for confounding. The potentially confounding risk factors were collected independently from various population-based registers, for example, employment statistics, housing statistics, education statistics, income compensation benefits, and population statistics (e.g., gender, age, location). Hospital records with information on types of disability based on the national inpatient register and national psychiatric register were collected independently of the collection of law enforcement records about reported sexual offenses under the Danish Central Crime Register. Among total birth cohorts, 8,039 persons or 1.18%. were victims of a reported sexual crime once or several times. Children with intellectual disabilities were more likely to be victimized of a reported sexual crime than non-disabled children were: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), odds ratio: 3.7 (3.5-3.9); mental retardation, odds ratio: 3.8 (3.6-4.0); and autism, odds ratio: 3.8 (3.6-4.0). This contrasts with children with speech disability, stuttering, and dyslexia who were less likely to be victimized when adjusted for family vulnerability and other confounding risk factors. Intellectual disability and family vulnerability, for example, parental substance abuse, parental violence, family separation, the child in care, and parental unemployment, indicate an increased risk of being a victim of a sexual crime, while speech disability seems to be ensuring protection.
大量研究表明，残疾儿童遭受性侵害的比率高于非残疾儿童。本研究侧重于检查针对残疾儿童的性犯罪，并解释受害差异，以阐明残疾类型、家庭劣势、性别、高危行为和地点在多大程度上影响青少年遭受性侵害的风险。数据基于丹麦全国性侵犯儿童报告的研究，涉及年龄在 7 至 18 岁的儿童，使用总出生队列（=679683 人）。统计分析采用离散时间 Cox 模型。分析中纳入了一系列潜在风险因素，以调整混杂因素。潜在混杂风险因素是从各种基于人群的登记处独立收集的，例如就业统计、住房统计、教育统计、收入补偿福利和人口统计（例如性别、年龄、地点）。基于国家住院病人登记和国家精神病登记的残疾类型信息的医院记录是在丹麦中央犯罪登记处报告的性犯罪执法记录收集之外独立收集的。在总出生队列中，8039 人或 1.18%的人曾遭受过一次或多次性犯罪报告。与非残疾儿童相比，智障儿童更有可能成为性犯罪的受害者：注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD），优势比：3.7（3.5-3.9）；智力迟钝，优势比：3.8（3.6-4.0）；自闭症，优势比：3.8（3.6-4.0）。与言语残疾、口吃和诵读困难的儿童相比，这些儿童在调整了家庭脆弱性和其他混杂风险因素后，受害的可能性较小。智力残疾和家庭脆弱性，例如父母滥用药物、父母暴力、家庭分离、受照顾的儿童和父母失业，表明遭受性犯罪的风险增加，而言语残疾似乎提供了保护。
