Grupo Biología de Sistemas, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Centro Nacional de Secuenciación Genómica - CNSG, Sede de Investigación Universitaria - SIU, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
PLoS One. 2020 Jul 1;15(7):e0234005. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234005. eCollection 2020.
Rhipicephalus microplus is recognized as a tick species highly prevalent in cattle, with a wide pantropical distribution that seems to continue spreading geographically. However, its role as a biological vector has been scarcely studied in the livestock context. In this study, a 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing analysis was used to determine bacterial diversity in salivary glands and gut of R. microplus from two contrasting livestock agroecosystems in Antioquia, Colombia. Both the culture-independent approach (CI) and the culture-dependent (CD) approach were complementarily adopted in this study. A total of 341 unique OTUs were assigned, the richness showed to be higher in the Northern than in the Middle Magdalena region, and a high diversity was found at the phylum and genus levels in the samples obtained. With the CI approach, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria were the most common phylum of bacteria regardless of the organ, or geographic origin of the specimens analyzed. While the relative abundance of bacteria at a phylum level with the CD approach varied between analyzed samples, the data obtained suggest that a high diversity of species of bacteria occurs in R. microplus from both livestock agroecosystems. Bacterial genera such as Anaplasma, Coxiella, and Ehrlichia, recognized for their implications in tick-borne diseases, were also detected, together with endosymbionts such as Lysinibacillus, previously reported as a potential tool for biological control. This information is useful to deepen the knowledge about microbial diversity regarding the relations between endosymbionts and pathogens and could facilitate the future development of epidemiological surveillance in livestock systems.
微小牛蜱被认为是一种在牛中高度流行的蜱种，具有广泛的泛热带分布，似乎在地理上继续传播。然而，它作为生物媒介的作用在畜牧业中很少被研究。在这项研究中，使用 16S rRNA 下一代测序分析来确定来自哥伦比亚安蒂奥基亚两个对比性畜牧农业生态系统的微小牛蜱的唾液腺和肠道中的细菌多样性。本研究同时采用了非培养方法（CI）和培养方法（CD）。共分配了 341 个独特的 OTUs，北方地区的丰富度高于中马格达莱纳地区，并且在获得的样本中在门和属水平上发现了高度多样性。使用 CI 方法，无论器官或标本的地理来源如何，变形菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门都是细菌最常见的门。而 CD 方法中细菌在门水平上的相对丰度在分析的样本之间有所不同，但数据表明，来自两个畜牧农业生态系统的微小牛蜱中存在着高度多样化的细菌物种。还检测到了一些被认为与蜱传疾病有关的细菌属，如 Anaplasma、Coxiella 和 Ehrlichia，以及内共生体如 Lysinibacillus，先前被报道为生物控制的潜在工具。这些信息有助于加深对微生物多样性的认识，包括内共生体和病原体之间的关系，并为未来在畜牧系统中开展流行病学监测提供便利。
