Man Andy W C, Zhou Yawen, Xia Ning, Li Huige
Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jul 2;9(7):574. doi: 10.3390/antiox9070574.
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is the connective tissue surrounding most of the systemic blood vessels. PVAT is now recognized as an important endocrine tissue that maintains vascular homeostasis. Healthy PVAT has anticontractile, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative roles. Vascular oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological event in cardiometabolic complications of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. Accumulating data from both humans and experimental animal models suggests that PVAT dysfunction is potentially linked to cardiovascular diseases, and associated with augmented vascular inflammation, oxidative stress, and arterial remodeling. Reactive oxygen species produced from PVAT can be originated from mitochondria, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase. PVAT can also sense vascular paracrine signals and response by secreting vasoactive adipokines. Therefore, PVAT may constitute a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize recent findings on PVAT functions, ROS production, and oxidative stress in different pathophysiological settings and discuss the potential antioxidant therapies for cardiovascular diseases by targeting PVAT.
血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）是围绕大多数体循环血管的结缔组织。PVAT现在被认为是维持血管稳态的重要内分泌组织。健康的PVAT具有抗收缩、抗炎和抗氧化作用。血管氧化应激是肥胖、2型糖尿病和高血压的心脏代谢并发症中的一个重要病理生理事件。来自人类和实验动物模型的越来越多的数据表明，PVAT功能障碍可能与心血管疾病有关，并与血管炎症、氧化应激和动脉重塑加剧相关。PVAT产生的活性氧可源自线粒体、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）氧化酶和未偶联的内皮型一氧化氮合酶。PVAT还可以感知血管旁分泌信号并通过分泌血管活性脂肪因子做出反应。因此，PVAT可能构成预防和治疗心血管疾病的新治疗靶点。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于PVAT功能、活性氧产生以及不同病理生理环境下氧化应激的最新发现，并讨论了通过靶向PVAT治疗心血管疾病的潜在抗氧化疗法。
