Koželj Rok, Osterman Eneja, Leonforte Fabrizio, Del Pero Claudio, Miglioli Alessandro, Zavrl Eva, Stropnik Rok, Aste Niccolò, Stritih Uroš
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via Edoardo Bonardi, 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Jul 3;13(13):2971. doi: 10.3390/ma13132971.
When considering the deployment of renewable energy sources in systems, the challenge of their utilization comes from their time instability when a mismatch between production and demand occurs. With the integration of thermal storages into systems that utilize renewable energy sources, such mismatch can be evened out. The use of phase-change materials (PCMs) as thermal storage has a theoretical advantage over the sensible one because of their high latent heat that is released or accumulated during the phase-change process. Therefore, the present paper is a review of latent thermal storages in hydronic systems for heating, cooling and domestic hot water in buildings. The work aims to offer an overview on applications of latent thermal storages coupled with heat pumps and solar collectors. The review shows that phase-change materials improve the release of heat from thermal storage and can supply heat or cold at a desired temperature level for longer time periods. The PCM review ends with the results from one of the Horizon2020 research projects, where indirect electrical storage in the form of thermal storage is considered. The review is a technological outline of the current state-of-the-art technology that could serve as a knowledge base for the practical implementation of latent thermal storages. The paper ends with an overview of energy storage maturity and the objectives from different roadmaps of European bodies.
在考虑将可再生能源部署到系统中时，其利用面临的挑战源于生产与需求不匹配时能源供应的时间不稳定性。将蓄热装置集成到利用可再生能源的系统中，可以平衡这种不匹配。将相变材料（PCM）用作蓄热材料，相对于显热蓄热具有理论优势，因为其在相变过程中会释放或积累大量潜热。因此，本文综述了用于建筑物供暖、制冷和生活热水的水系统中的潜热蓄热。这项工作旨在概述潜热蓄热与热泵和太阳能集热器结合的应用。综述表明，相变材料可改善蓄热装置的热量释放，并能在所需温度水平上长时间供热或供冷。对相变材料的综述以“地平线2020”研究项目之一的结果收尾，该项目考虑了以蓄热形式进行间接电存储。该综述是当前先进技术的技术概述，可为潜热蓄热的实际应用提供知识库。本文最后概述了储能成熟度以及欧洲机构不同路线图的目标。
