College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2020 Jun 28;26(24):3401-3412. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i24.3401.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of cell processes that are usually dysregulated in gastric cancer (GC). Based on their high specificity and ease of detection in tissues and body fluids, increasing attention has spurred the study of the roles of lncRNAs in GC patients. Thus, it is necessary to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and further explore the clinical applications of lncRNAs in GC. In this review, we summarize current knowledge to examine dysregulated lncRNAs in GC and their underlying molecular mechanisms and activities in GC, which involve microRNA sponging, mRNA stability, genetic variants, alternative splicing, transcription factor binding, and epigenetic modification. More significantly, the potential of lncRNAs as prognostic, circulating, and drug-resistant biomarkers for GC is also described. This review highlights the method of dissecting molecular mechanisms to explore the clinical application of lncRNAs in GC. Overall, this review offers assistance in using lncRNAs as novel candidates for molecular mechanisms and for the identification of revolutionary biomarkers for GC.
长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是细胞过程的重要调节因子，通常在胃癌（GC）中失调。基于其在组织和体液中检测的高特异性和简便性，越来越多的关注促使人们研究 lncRNA 在 GC 患者中的作用。因此，有必要阐明 lncRNA 在 GC 中的分子机制，并进一步探索其临床应用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前的知识，以检查 GC 中失调的 lncRNA 及其在 GC 中的潜在分子机制和活性，包括 miRNA 海绵、mRNA 稳定性、遗传变异、选择性剪接、转录因子结合和表观遗传修饰。更重要的是，还描述了 lncRNA 作为 GC 预后、循环和耐药生物标志物的潜力。这篇综述强调了剖析分子机制的方法，以探索 lncRNA 在 GC 中的临床应用。总的来说，这篇综述为将 lncRNA 用作分子机制的新候选物以及识别 GC 的革命性生物标志物提供了帮助。
