Chandra Shona, Šlapeta Jan
Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Pathogens. 2020 Jul 13;9(7):566. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9070566.
Ticks are haematophagous ectoparasites of medical and veterinary significance due to their excellent vector capacity. Modern sequencing techniques enabled the rapid sequencing of bacterial pathogens and symbionts. This study's aims were two-fold; to determine the nymph diversity in Sydney, and to determine whether external biotic factors affect the microbiota. Tick DNA was isolated, and the molecular identity was determined for nymphs at the 1 level. The tick DNA was subjected to high throughput DNA sequencing to determine the bacterial profile and the impact of biotic factors on the microbiota. Four nymph tick species were recovered from Sydney, NSW: , , and . Biotic factors, notably tick species and geography, were found to have a significance influence on the microbiota. The microbial analyses revealed that Sydney ticks display a core microbiota. The dominating endosymbionts among all tick species were Midichloria sp. Ixholo1 and Midichloria sp. Ixholo2. A novel Midichloria sp. OTU_2090 was only found in ticks (nymph: 96.3%, adult: 75.6%). Neoehrlichia australis and Neoehrlichia arcana was recovered from and one nymph ticks. spp. was absent from all ticks. This study has shown that nymph and adult ticks carry different bacteria, and a tick bite in Sydney, Australia will result in different bacterial transfer depending on tick life stage, tick species and geography.
蜱是具有医学和兽医学意义的吸血外寄生虫，因其出色的传播媒介能力。现代测序技术使得细菌病原体和共生体能够快速测序。本研究有两个目的：确定悉尼若蜱的多样性，以及确定外部生物因素是否会影响微生物群。分离蜱的DNA，并在属一级确定若蜱的分子身份。对蜱的DNA进行高通量DNA测序，以确定细菌谱以及生物因素对微生物群的影响。从新南威尔士州悉尼采集到四种若蜱： 、 、 和 。发现生物因素，尤其是蜱的种类和地理位置，对微生物群有显著影响。微生物分析表明，悉尼的蜱呈现出一个核心微生物群。所有蜱种中占主导地位的内共生体是米氏菌属Ixholo1和米氏菌属Ixholo2。一种新的米氏菌属OTU_2090仅在 蜱中发现（若蜱：96.3%，成蜱：75.6%）。从 蜱和一只 若蜱中分离出澳大利亚新埃立克体和隐秘新埃立克体。所有蜱中均未发现 属。本研究表明，若蜱和成蜱携带不同的细菌；在澳大利亚悉尼，蜱叮咬导致的细菌传播因蜱的生活阶段、蜱的种类和地理位置而异。
