Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(6):1626-1673. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1845604. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
Inositols, a group of 6-carbon polyols, are highly bioactive molecules derived from diet and endogenous synthesis. Inositols and their derivatives are involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and participate in insulin-signaling, with perturbations in inositol processing being associated with conditions involving insulin resistance, dysglycemia and dyslipidemia such as polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes. Pregnancy is similarly characterized by substantial and complex changes in glycemic and lipidomic regulation as part of maternal adaptation and is also associated with physiological alterations in inositol processing. Disruptions in maternal adaptation are postulated to have a critical pathophysiological role in pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. Inositol supplementation has shown promise as an intervention for the alleviation of symptoms in conditions of insulin resistance and for gestational diabetes prevention. However, the mechanisms behind these affects are not fully understood. In this review, we explore the role of inositols in conditions of insulin dysregulation and in pregnancy, and identify priority areas for research. We particularly examine the role and function of inositols within the maternal-placental-fetal axis in both uncomplicated and pathological pregnancies. We also discuss how inositols may mediate maternal-placental-fetal cross-talk, and regulate fetal growth and development, and suggest that inositols play a vital role in promoting healthy pregnancy.
肌醇是一组 6 碳多元醇，是高度生物活性的分子，来源于饮食和内源性合成。肌醇及其衍生物参与葡萄糖和脂质代谢，并参与胰岛素信号转导，肌醇代谢紊乱与涉及胰岛素抵抗、糖脂异常的疾病有关，如多囊卵巢综合征和糖尿病。妊娠同样以血糖和脂质组学调节的显著和复杂变化为特征，这是母体适应的一部分，也与肌醇代谢的生理变化有关。母体适应的破坏被假设在妊娠并发症（如妊娠期糖尿病和子痫前期）中具有关键的病理生理作用。肌醇补充已被证明是一种缓解胰岛素抵抗和预防妊娠期糖尿病症状的干预措施。然而，这些影响的机制尚不完全清楚。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了肌醇在胰岛素失调和妊娠中的作用，并确定了研究的优先领域。我们特别研究了肌醇在正常和病理性妊娠中母胎胎盘轴中的作用和功能。我们还讨论了肌醇如何介导母体胎盘胎儿的相互作用，调节胎儿的生长和发育，并提出肌醇在促进健康妊娠中起着至关重要的作用。
