Department of Social Psychology and Anthropology, University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 22;17(15):5293. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155293.
The 2019 coronavirus disease epidemic (Covid-19) is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to the labor market. The pandemic has a devastating and disproportionate effect on young workers, their interest in entrepreneurship, and their mental health. Research is needed to develop evidence-based strategies to improve coping and reduce adverse psychological problems. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact that Covid-19 pandemic perception and psychological need satisfaction have on university students and their self-employment intention. In addition, we also analyzed the role of moderation played by psychological aspects. These psychological factors (i.e., Optimism and Proactiveness) can also improve young people's mental health and well-being.
An explorative study (online survey) was conducted in March 2020 934 university students from Latin America. Regression analysis models were built to examine the relationships between Covid-19 pandemic perception, personality variables, and entrepreneurial intention. Mediation models, through the bootstrapping method, were performed to analyze the mediating role of proactiveness and optimism.
Results indicate that students' perception of Covid-19 and psychological need satisfaction are associated with entrepreneurial intention. Additionally, the present study argues that proactiveness and optimism mediate these relationships.
This study identifies psychological factors associated with a lower level of Covid-19 impact and that can be used for psychological interventions that result in an improvement in the mental health of these vulnerable groups during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
2019 年冠状病毒病疫情（Covid-19）是国际关注的公共卫生突发事件，对劳动力市场构成挑战。大流行对年轻工人及其创业兴趣和心理健康造成破坏性和不成比例的影响。需要研究制定基于证据的策略，以改善应对能力并减少不良心理问题。本研究的目的是分析对大学生及其创业意向的新冠大流行感知和心理需求满足对大学生的影响。此外，我们还分析了心理方面的调节作用。这些心理因素（即乐观主义和前瞻性）也可以改善年轻人的心理健康和幸福感。
2020 年 3 月在拉丁美洲进行了一项探索性研究（在线调查），共有 934 名大学生参与。回归分析模型用于检验新冠大流行感知、人格变量与创业意向之间的关系。通过自举法进行中介模型分析，以分析前瞻性和乐观主义的中介作用。
结果表明，学生对新冠大流行的感知和心理需求满足与创业意向有关。此外，本研究认为前瞻性和乐观主义可以调节这些关系。
本研究确定了与新冠大流行影响程度较低相关的心理因素，这些因素可用于心理干预，从而改善这些弱势群体在新冠疫情期间和之后的心理健康。讨论了理论和实践意义。
