Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2020 Nov;1480(1):5-13. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14442. Epub 2020 Jul 29.
Exposure to vesicants, including sulfur mustard and nitrogen mustard, causes damage to the epithelia of the respiratory tract and the lung. With time, this progresses to chronic disease, most notably, pulmonary fibrosis. The pathogenic process involves persistent inflammation and the release of cytotoxic oxidants, cytokines, chemokines, and profibrotic growth factors, which leads to the collapse of lung architecture, with fibrotic involution of the lung parenchyma. At present, there are no effective treatments available to combat this pathological process. Recently, much interest has focused on nutraceuticals, substances derived from plants, herbs, and fruits, that exert pleiotropic effects on inflammatory cells and parenchymal cells that may be useful in reducing fibrogenesis. Some promising results have been obtained with nutraceuticals in experimental animal models of inflammation-driven fibrosis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the putative preventive/therapeutic efficacy of nutraceuticals in progressive pulmonary fibrosis, with a focus on their activity against inflammatory reactions and profibrotic cell differentiation.
接触芥子气和氮芥等糜烂剂会导致呼吸道和肺部的上皮细胞受损。随着时间的推移，这会进展为慢性疾病，最明显的是肺纤维化。发病过程涉及持续的炎症和细胞毒性氧化剂、细胞因子、趋化因子和促纤维化生长因子的释放，导致肺结构塌陷，肺实质纤维化。目前，尚无有效的治疗方法来对抗这一病理过程。最近，人们对营养保健品产生了浓厚的兴趣，这些保健品来源于植物、草药和水果，对炎症细胞和实质细胞有多种作用，可能有助于减少纤维化的发生。在炎症驱动的纤维化的实验动物模型中，营养保健品已经取得了一些有希望的结果。这篇综述总结了营养保健品在进行性肺纤维化中预防/治疗疗效的现有知识，重点介绍了它们对抗炎症反应和促纤维化细胞分化的活性。
