Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2021 Jul;40(5):454-464. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1790441. Epub 2020 Jul 30.
Skeletal abnormalities such as bone loss occur when there is an imbalance in bone matrix synthesis and bone resorption. This imbalance is also caused by hormonal changes and inflammation. Chia (.) has a high nutritional value and is an excellent source of calcium. Evaluate the bioavailability of calcium from chia, and its effect on bone metabolism when consumed as part of a standard or high fat diet (HFD) in ovariectomized rats.
The study was conducted with 80 female rats that received standard diet or HFD. 40 female mice were ovariectomized (OVX) and 40 were sham-operated (SHAM). After recovery from surgery the animals received chia as a source of 20% of the calcium recommendation, calcium bioavailability was measured using the calcium balance technique. Bone strength and bone morphometry were evaluated by weight, length and microtomography measurements.
HFD increased serum calcium and decreased calcium retention. The addition of chia to HFD did not alter bone morphology. Ovariectomy led to lower percentage of bone volume, smaller trabecular thickness, higher trabecular separation and higher porosity, when ovariectomy was associated with HFD, the final weight, waist circumference, body mass index and adiposity were increased.
Chia maintained bone health when offered as a source of 20% calcium, in a diet that met 100% of the mineral recommendation, regardless of the type of diet, in animals non-ovariectomized adults.
当骨基质合成和骨吸收之间失衡时，会出现骨骼异常，如骨质流失。这种失衡也是由激素变化和炎症引起的。奇亚籽具有很高的营养价值，是钙的极好来源。评估奇亚籽中钙的生物利用度，以及当作为标准或高脂肪饮食（HFD）的一部分摄入时对去卵巢大鼠骨代谢的影响。
本研究共纳入 80 只雌性大鼠，给予标准饮食或 HFD。40 只雌性小鼠接受卵巢切除术（OVX），40 只接受假手术（SHAM）。手术后恢复期间，动物接受奇亚籽作为钙推荐量的 20%的来源，使用钙平衡技术测量钙的生物利用度。通过重量、长度和体视学测量来评估骨强度和骨形态计量学。
HFD 增加了血清钙并降低了钙的保留率。HFD 中添加奇亚籽并没有改变骨形态。去卵巢导致骨体积百分比降低，小梁厚度减小，小梁分离度增加和孔隙率增加，当与 HFD 相关联时，最终体重、腰围、体重指数和肥胖度增加。
无论饮食类型如何，奇亚籽作为钙源的 20%，在满足矿物质推荐量 100%的饮食中，均可维持非去卵巢成年动物的骨骼健康。
