Mishima Marcella Duarte Villas, Ladeira Luiz Carlos Maia, da Silva Bárbara Pereira, Toledo Renata Celi Lopes, de Oliveira Thomás Valente, Costa Neuza Maria Brunoro, Martino Hércia Stampini Duarte
Department of Nutrition and Health. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Purdue, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG Zip Code: 36.570-900, Brazil.
Food Funct. 2021 Apr 7;12(7):3069-3082. doi: 10.1039/d0fo03206a. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
The reduction in estrogen levels is associated with the increased risk factors for cardiovascular disease development. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of chia consumption in a standard diet (SD) or high fat diet (HFD) on ovariectomized (OVX) and non-ovariectomized (SHAM) rats, in relation to biometric measurements, oxidative stress, mineral content and ATPase enzymes in the heart. The study was conducted with 80 female Wistar rats, which received a SD or HFD for 18 weeks. During the first 7 weeks, the animals received the SD or HFD. Then, 40 rats were ovariectomized and 40 rats were SHAM operated. After recovery from surgery, the animals were allocated to 8 groups (n = 10) and they received one of the following diets for 8 weeks: SD, SD + chia, HFD and HFD + chia. In the OVX group, HFD increased weight gain, adiposity, cardiac hypertrophy, and nitric oxide (NO) and K concentration and decreased the Na/KATPase activity. In combination with HFD, ovariectomy decreased the catalase activity, Mg, Cu and Zn concentration, total ATPase activity, and Na/KATPase and Mg2 + ATPase activities; this group also presented higher NO, Ca, K, Fe and Mn concentration in the heart. The SHAM group fed chia presented a lower fat content in the heart. In the OVX group fed HFD, chia increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, decreased NO and maintained the content of minerals and ATPase enzymes. Thus, chia improved the biometric parameters of the heart, the antioxidant activity and maintained the content of minerals and ATPase enzymes, showing a cardioprotective action, but without reversing the deleterious effects of ovariectomy.
雌激素水平的降低与心血管疾病发生风险因素的增加有关。本研究旨在评估在标准饮食（SD）或高脂饮食（HFD）中食用奇亚籽对去卵巢（OVX）和未去卵巢（假手术，SHAM）大鼠的影响，涉及生物测量、氧化应激、心脏矿物质含量和ATP酶。该研究使用了80只雌性Wistar大鼠，给予SD或HFD饮食18周。在最初的7周内，动物接受SD或HFD饮食。然后，40只大鼠进行去卵巢手术，40只大鼠进行假手术。手术后恢复后，将动物分为8组（每组n = 10），并给予以下饮食之一8周：SD、SD + 奇亚籽、HFD和HFD + 奇亚籽。在OVX组中，HFD增加了体重增加、肥胖、心脏肥大以及一氧化氮（NO）和钾浓度，并降低了钠钾ATP酶活性。与HFD联合使用时，去卵巢手术降低了过氧化氢酶活性、镁、铜和锌浓度、总ATP酶活性以及钠钾ATP酶和镁离子ATP酶活性；该组心脏中NO、钙、钾、铁和锰的浓度也更高。喂食奇亚籽的假手术组心脏脂肪含量较低。在喂食HFD的OVX组中，奇亚籽增加了超氧化物歧化酶的活性，降低了NO，并维持了矿物质和ATP酶的含量。因此，奇亚籽改善了心脏的生物测量参数、抗氧化活性，并维持了矿物质和ATP酶的含量，显示出心脏保护作用，但并未逆转去卵巢的有害影响。
