Department of Immunology, The Stefan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, bl. 26 Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, bl. 9 Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Molecules. 2020 Jul 28;25(15):3410. doi: 10.3390/molecules25153410.
Plants from the genus are used across the world as traditional remedies. In the present study, extracts from the aerial part of the scarcely investigated L., collected from two habitats in Bulgaria-the Balkan Mountains (Vau-1) and the Rhodopi Mountains (Vau-2), were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The secondary metabolite, arbutin, was identified as a major constituent in both extracts, and further quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while catalpol, aucubin and verbascoside were detected at lower amounts. The effect of the extracts and of pure arbutin on the survival of neutrophils isolated from murine bone marrow (BM) were determined by colorimetric assay. The production of cytokines-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ was evaluated by flowcytometry. While Vau-1 inhibited neutrophil vitality in a dose-dependent manner, arbutin stimulated the survival of neutrophils at lower concentrations, and inhibited cell density at higher concentrations. The Vau-1 increased the level of intracellular TNF-α, while Vau-2 and arbutin failed to do so, and expanded the frequency of mature double TNF-α/IFN-γ neutrophils within the BM pool.
植物在世界各地被用作传统药物。在本研究中，通过核磁共振（NMR）光谱法分析了从保加利亚两个栖息地巴尔干山脉（Vau-1）和罗多彼山脉（Vau-2）采集的未充分研究的植物的空中部分的提取物。鉴定出两种提取物中的主要成分是熊果苷，并用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）进一步定量，而检测到少量的梓醇、毛蕊花糖苷和毛蕊花糖苷。通过比色法测定提取物和纯熊果苷对从鼠骨髓（BM）分离的嗜中性粒细胞存活的影响。通过流式细胞术评估细胞因子-肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α和干扰素（IFN）-γ的产生。Vau-1 以剂量依赖性方式抑制嗜中性粒细胞活力，而熊果苷在较低浓度下刺激嗜中性粒细胞存活，并在较高浓度下抑制细胞密度。Vau-1 增加了细胞内 TNF-α 的水平，而 Vau-2 和熊果苷则没有，并且增加了 BM 池内成熟的双 TNF-α/IFN-γ嗜中性粒细胞的频率。
