McCrink Conor M, McSorley Emeir M, Grant Kirsty, McNeilly Andrea M, Magee Pamela J
Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food & Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK.
Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, UK.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Apr;60(3):1465-1473. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02341-x. Epub 2020 Jul 30.
To assess the dietary intake, nutrition knowledge and hydration status of Irish Gaelic footballers.
One hundred and sixty-eight male club/county level Irish Gaelic footballers (median [IQR]; age 23 years [20.0, 27.0]; height 1.79 m [1.74, 1.84]; body mass 78.0 kg [73.5, 84.8]) participated in this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was assessed using a 4-day semi-quantitative food record, with the application of Goldberg cut-offs to define acceptable reporters (n = 62). Nutrition knowledge was assessed using the validated Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire in a sub-group of athletes (n = 24), while hydration status was measured using urine specific gravity pre-exercise (USG) in 142 athletes.
Dietary analysis indicated an energy deficit at the group level (485 kcal [IQR 751,6]) (p < 0.001), with carbohydrate intakes (3.6 g/kg [IQR 3.0,4.1]) below current guidelines for athletes participating in one hour moderate intensity exercise per day (5-7 g/kg; p < 0.001). Average vitamin D (3.8 µg [IQR 1.8, 5.5]) and selenium intakes (54.2 µg [47.2, 76.7]) were significantly below the reference nutrient intakes (p < 0.001). A high proportion of individual athletes also had sub-optimal intakes for: vitamin D (95.2%), selenium (72.6%), vitamin A (38.7%), potassium (30.6%), zinc (25.8%), magnesium (19.4%) and calcium (12.9%). Nutrition knowledge was deemed poor (40.2 ± 12.4%), while pre-exercise hydration status (median USG 1.010 [IQR 1.005, 1.017]) was significantly below the cut-off to denote dehydration (1.020; p < 0.001).
Our findings suggest that Irish Gaelic footballers have sub-optimal dietary practices and lack nutrition knowledge. Individualised nutrition support may benefit these athletes to meet their nutrition requirements, to support health and performance.
评估爱尔兰盖尔式足球运动员的饮食摄入量、营养知识和水合状态。
168名男性俱乐部/郡级爱尔兰盖尔式足球运动员（中位数[四分位间距]；年龄23岁[20.0, 27.0]；身高1.79米[1.74, 1.84]；体重78.0千克[73.5, 84.8]）参与了这项横断面研究。饮食摄入量通过4天的半定量食物记录进行评估，并应用戈德堡标准来确定合格的记录者（n = 62）。营养知识在一组运动员（n = 24）中使用经过验证的《运动营养知识问卷》进行评估，而水合状态在142名运动员中通过运动前尿比重（USG）进行测量。
饮食分析表明，该组存在能量不足（485千卡[四分位间距751,6]）（p < 0.001），碳水化合物摄入量（3.6克/千克[四分位间距3.0, 4.1]）低于目前针对每天进行一小时中等强度运动的运动员的指导标准（5 - 7克/千克；p < 0.001）。维生素D平均摄入量（3.8微克[四分位间距1.8, 5.5]）和硒摄入量（54.2微克[47.2, 76.7]）显著低于参考营养素摄入量（p < 0.0几）。很大比例的个体运动员在以下营养素的摄入量方面也不理想：维生素D（95.2%）、硒（72.6%）、维生素A（38.7%）、钾（30.6%）、锌（25.8%）、镁（19.4%）和钙（12.9%）。营养知识被认为较差（40.2 ± 12.4%），而运动前水合状态（尿比重中位数1.010[四分位间距1.005, 1.017]）显著低于表示脱水的临界值（1.020；p < 0.001）。
我们的研究结果表明，爱尔兰盖尔式足球运动员的饮食习惯不理想，且缺乏营养知识。个性化的营养支持可能有益于这些运动员满足其营养需求，以支持健康和表现。
