Anti-inflammatory effect of methoxyflavonoids from ( growing in Egypt.

is a medicinal plant that grows in Sinai Peninsula in Egypt. Phytochemical investigation of methanolic extract led to the isolation of five methoxy flavonoids; Chrysosplenol-D 5,7,4'-trihydroxy- 3,3'-dimethoxy flavone , 5,7-dihydroxy -3,3',4'-trimethoxyflavone , Bonanzin , 3,5,6,7,4'-pentamethoxy flavone a sesquiterpene, Cryptomeridiol and stigmast-5,22-dien-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside . The anti-inflammatory activity of compounds and was assessed on CaCo2 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both compounds downregulated LPS-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines; tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 1β (IL1β), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), cyclooxygenase 1 (Cox1), cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2), and 5-lipoxygenase (5Lox). In vivo, both compounds significantly decreased paw edema thickness in rats relative to carrageenan, showing better anti-inflammatory activity than celecoxib (36.98%) after 1 h (46.60% and 48.11%, respectively). An study was performed, where both compounds were docked into the active site of the crystal structure of the human Cox2 enzyme.